Betula humilis Schrank

Shrubby birch (en), Bouleau (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Fagales > Betulaceae > Betula

Characteristics

Shrubs to 2 m tall; bark dark brown. Branches black-brown, glabrous, densely resinous glandular; branchlets brown, densely pubescent and yellow resinous glandular. Petiole ca. 5 mm, pubescent; leaf blade ovate, broadly ovate, or ovate-elliptic, 1-2.5(-4) × 0.6-1.5(-2) cm, both surfaces glabrous, base broadly cuneate or cuneate, rarely subrounded, margin irregularly and doubly coarsely serrate, apex acute; lateral veins 4 or 5 on each side of midvein. Female inflorescence erect, oblong, 1-1.5 cm × 4-6 mm; peduncle 1-3 mm, sparsely pubescent and resinous glandular; bracts 3-4 mm, ciliate, 3-lobed, middle lobe oblong, lateral lobes spreading, ovate or oblong, ca. 1/2 as long as or subequal to middle lobe. Nutlet oblong, ca. 2 × 1.5 mm, with membranous wings ca. 1/2 as wide as nutlet. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Jul-Aug. 2n = 28.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.5 - 1.75
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light 7-9
Soil humidity 5-8
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 4-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 3-6

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -40
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Betula humilis leaf picture by André Keller (cc-by-sa)
Betula humilis leaf picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Betula humilis fruit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Betula humilis world distribution map, present in Austria, Belarus, Switzerland, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Kazakhstan, Montenegro, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Romania, Russian Federation, and Ukraine

Conservation status

Betula humilis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295106-1
WFO ID wfo-0000333388
COL ID LP94
BDTFX ID 77577
INPN ID 161399
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Betula myrsinoides Betula oycowiensis Betula socolowii Betula kamtschatica Betula palustris Chamaebetula humilis Betula sibirica Betula humilis Betula fruticosa subsp. extremiorientalis Betula humilis var. camtschatica Betula humilis var. commutata Betula humilis var. socolowii Betula humilis var. oycowiensis Betula humilis var. cuneata Betula humilis var. subcordata Betula humilis f. crispa Betula humilis f. calcarata Betula humilis f. obovata Betula fruticans Betula humilis var. genuina