Brachiaria ramosa Stapf

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Brachiaria

Characteristics

Annual. Culms tufted, loosely ascending, 30–60 cm tall. Leaf sheaths glabrous to pubescent; leaf blades narrowly lanceolate, 4–12 × 0.4–0.8 cm, velvety-pubescent, margins thickened and slightly wavy, scaberulous, apex acuminate; ligule short, ciliate. Inflorescence axis 6–13 cm; racemes 3–6, 2–5 cm, loosely erect to ascending; rachis triquetrous, hispid; spikelets mostly borne in loosely contiguous pairs, one spikelet subsessile, the other shortly pedicelled, single toward raceme apex, lightly appressed to axis. Spikelets elliptic, 2.5–3.5 mm, with a 0.1–0.5 mm basal stipe, glabrous, pubescent or hispidulous, acute to cuspidate; lower glume broadly ovate, 1/3–1/2 spikelet length, 5-veined; upper glume 5–7-veined; upper lemma distinctly rugose, apex acute. Fl. and fr. summer–autumn. 2n = 32, 36.
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Loosely tufted annual; culms 10–70 cm. high.. Leaf-blades broadly linear, 2–25 cm. long, 4–14 mm. wide.. Inflorescence of 3–15 racemes borne on an axis 3–10 cm. long; racemes 1–8 cm. long, simple or the longest with branchlets at the base, bearing mostly paired loosely contiguous spikelets appressed to the triquetrous rhachis; pedicels shorter than the spikelets, 1–2 mm. long.. Spikelets elliptic to broadly elliptic, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, glabrous or pubescent, acute to cuspidate, with or without a stipe up to 0.5 mm. long; lower glume 1/3–1/2 the length of the spikelet; upper glume and lower lemma membranous, or rarely the latter coricaceous; upper lemma rugose, subacute to acute.
A millet grass. It is an annual grass. It grows 60 cm high. It forms loos tufts. The culms root from the lower nodes. The leaves are 5-12.5 cm long by 0.6-1.5 cm wide. The leaves are soft and limp. The edge is sharp. Leaves have a somewhat rough texture. They can be finely hairy. The flowers are green and in long undivided flower arrangement.
Inflorescence of 3–15 racemes, these 1–3 cm. long, simple or the longest with branchlets at the base, bearing mostly paired loosely contiguous spikelets appressed to a triquetrous rhachis; pedicels shorter than spikelets, 1–2 mm. long.
Spikelets 2.5–3.5 mm. long, glabrous to pubescent, acute, with or without a short stipe up to 0.5 mm. long.
Inferior glume 1/3–1/3 length of spikelet.
Superior lemma rugose, subacute to acute.
Annual 30–60 cm. high.
Loosely tufted annual.
Culms 10–70 cm. high.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Dry places with a distinct dry season, along roads, burned teak forest, grassy slopes, Casuarina savannah, abandoned fields, at elevations up to 400 metres.
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Dry places with a distinct dry season, along roads, burned teak forest, grassy slopes, Casuarina savannah, abandoned fields, at elevations up to 400 metres.
It is a tropical plant. It grows on most alluvial soils. In Nepal is grows to 1800 m altitude. In Yunnan.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 4-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-10

Usage

The seeds are mixed with millet or other grains to increase the bulk. If used for chapattis it should be eaten with buttermilk to avoid constipation.
Uses fodder
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or by splitting the rhizome.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 17 - 26
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Brachiaria ramosa world distribution map, present in China and Pakistan

Conservation status

Brachiaria ramosa threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:392993-1
WFO ID wfo-0000854220
COL ID MSJH
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 710153
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Brachiaria ramosa Panicum grossarium Panicum bispiculatum Panicum breviradiatum Panicum petiveri var. puberulum