Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P.Beauv.

Purple false brome (en), Brachypode des bois (fr), Brachypode à deux épis (fr), Brachypode à deux épillets (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Brachypodium

Characteristics

Annuals, caespitose, erect or geniculate. Culms 7–37 (–50) cm high, branched above. Leaves scattered along culms; ligule 0.4–2 mm long, abaxially hairy; blade 2.5–13 cm long, 0.9–3.5 mm wide. Inflorescence a spike-like raceme, 2–8 (–10) cm long, with 1–5 spikelets. Spikelets shortly pedicellate to subsessile, 15–30 mm long, with 6–14 bisexual florets; rachilla elongated between all florets, terminated by sterile floret. Glumes unequal, acute, muticous, coriaceous; lower glume 4.3–6.8 mm long, 5 (–7)-nerved; upper glume 6–8.5 mm long, 7–11-nerved. Basal lemma 8.5–10.2 mm long, coriaceous, 7-nerved; awn shorter than to much longer than body of lemma (but relatively longer in upper florets), (1–) 4.5–15 mm long, straight or curved. Anthers 1–1.1 mm long.
More
Annual. Culms tufted, usually ascending, infrequently erect, up to 15(–40) cm tall. Leaf sheaths loosely to densely pilose; leaf blades lanceolate, flat, rather stiff, glaucous, 1–12 cm, 3–4 mm wide, loosely pilose, margins scabrous-pectinate, apex acuminate; ligule ca. 1 mm. Raceme 2–4 cm, spikelets 1–3 crowded at apex of peduncle. Spikelets 2–3 cm, laterally compressed, florets 10–16; glumes pilose or glabrous, apex acute, lower glume lanceolate, 5–6 mm, 5-veined, upper glume lanceolate-oblong, 7–8 mm, 7-veined; lemmas 7.5–10 mm, glabrous, thinly setose or pubescent; awn 7–15 mm. Anthers 0.5–1 mm.
Slender to fairly robust, tufted annual 100-500(-700) mm high; leaves mostly cauline; culms often decumbent and branching near base. Leaf blade 20-90 x 5 mm, rigid or soft, rough, young leaves erect, old leaves curly. Inflorescence (10-)30-90(-100) mm long, with 2-6 spikelets. Spikelet 10-35(-40) x 1.5-6.0 mm; lemma awn 10-25 mm long; anther 0.8-2.7 mm long.
Annual to 45 cm. Leaves linear. Spikelets sessile, 2-6 in distichous racemes, lemma awn 10-25 mm long.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.15 - 0.3
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.08
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Usuallyfound on sandy, rocky soils, in dry disturbed areas. 
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Brachypodium distachyon leaf picture by Fred Ethève (cc-by-sa)
Brachypodium distachyon leaf picture by Mallol Camprubí Albert (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Brachypodium distachyon flower picture by Mallol Camprubí Albert (cc-by-sa)
Brachypodium distachyon flower picture by Mehmet Basbag (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Brachypodium distachyon world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Albania, Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, China, Colombia, Cyprus, Djibouti, Algeria, Ecuador, Egypt, Eritrea, Spain, Ethiopia, France, Greece, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Peru, Palau, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Singapore, Turks and Caicos Islands, Turkmenistan, Tunisia, Ukraine, Uruguay, United States of America, Uzbekistan, Yemen, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393098-1
WFO ID wfo-0000854379
COL ID 5WQ6Q
BDTFX ID 10075
INPN ID 86262
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Brachypodium x paui f. fontqueri Brachypodium distachyon f. pentastachyon Brachypodium distachyon f. subtile Festuca tauschii Brachypodium distachyon Brachypodium distachyon Brachypodium monostachyum Brachypodium pentastachyum Brachypodium rigidum Brachypodium subtile Bromus paradoxus Bromus pentastachyus Festuca rigens Festuca rigida Festuca rigido-aspera Festuca subtilis Secale bromoides Triticum asperrimum Triticum brevisetum Triticum flabellatum Triticum maritimum Triticum polystachyum Triticum subtile Triticum tenue Brachypodium x paui Brachypodium annuum Brachypodium geniculatum Brachypodium macrostachyum Brachypodium megastachyum Brachypodium schimperi Bromus distachyos Bromus geniculatus Festuca schimperi Trachynia distachya Trachynia pentastachya Trachynia rigida Triticum geniculatum Brachypodium distachyon f. brevisetum Brachypodium distachyon f. confusum Brachypodium distachyon f. intermedium Brachypodium distachyon f. mite Brachypodium distachyon f. multiflorum Brachypodium ciliatum Brachypodium platystachyum Brachypodium polystachyum Bromus buxbaumii Bromus monostachyus Festuca breviseta Festuca pseudistachya Trachynia platystachya Triticum distachyon Triticum distertum Triticum monostachyum Triticum schimperi Zerna distachyos Zerna distachya Festuca monostachia Agropyron distachyon Bromus ciliatus Brachypodium asperum Brachypodium brevisetum Festuca distachyos Festuca diandra Triticum asperum Triticum ciliatum Festuca rigida Brachypodium stacei Brachypodium hybridum Brachypodium distachyon subsp. paui Brachypodium distachyon var. asperum Brachypodium distachyon var. brevisetum Brachypodium distachyon var. hispidum Brachypodium distachyon var. monostachyum Brachypodium distachyon var. multiflorum Brachypodium distachyon var. neglectum Brachypodium distachyon var. paradoxum Brachypodium distachyon var. pentastachyon Brachypodium distachyon var. platystachyum Brachypodium distachyon var. pluriflorum Brachypodium distachyon var. pubescens Brachypodium distachyon var. pumilum Brachypodium distachyon var. subtile Brachypodium distachyon var. undulatum Brachypodium distachyon var. velutinum Brachypodium phoenicoides var. brevisetum Trachynia distachya var. hispida Brachypodium distachyon f. paradoxum Brachypodium distachyon f. platystachyum Brachypodium distachyon f. pseudosubtile Brachypodium distachyon f. undulatifolium Festuca pentastachya Brachypodium distachyon var. distachyon Festuca distachya var. aspera Festuca distachya var. pentastachya Brachypodium distachyon var. pentastachyum Brachypodium distachyon var. platystachyon Bromus platystachyus

Lower taxons

Brachypodium distachyon var. ciliatum