Briza media L.

Quaking grass (en), Amourette commune (fr), Brize intermédiaire (fr), Amourette (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Briza

Characteristics

Shortly rhizomatous perennial, 30-55 cm. Leaf-sheath sub-membranous, glabrous, distinctly ribbed. Ligule 0.5-1 mm, blunt, glabrous. Leaf-blade c. 10 cm × 2.5 mm, flat to folded, glabrous; margins finely scabrid, tip narrow, acute. Culm 25-45 cm, erect, internodes glabrous. Panicle 10-16 cm, erect, ± pyramidal with numerous spikelets; rachis smooth to sparsely scabrid above; branches erect to spreading, scabrid, pedicels very filiform, curved or flexuous, smooth or sparsely scabrid, 5-10 mm. Spikelets 4-6 × 3-5.5 mm, pendent, broadly ovate, laterally compressed, usually purplish. Glumes subequal, 2.5-3 mm, 3-nerved, spreading, concave, suborbicular, subcoriaceous, glabrous; margins wide, whitish, membranous, apex hooded. Lemma 3-3.5 mm, 7-9-nerved, similar to glumes in texture and colour, cordate at base. Palea ≈ lemma, elliptic, flat, narrowly winged. Lodicules c. 1 mm, linear-lanceolate, acute. Anthers (1)-2-2.5 mm. Gynoecium: ovary c. 1 mm; stigma-styles 2-2.5 mm. Caryopsis c. 1 ×c. 0.8 mm; embryo c. 0.6 mm; hilum punctiform, c. 0.3 mm.
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Perennial, shortly rhizomatous. Culms loosely tufted, erect, 40–60 cm tall. Leaf sheaths smooth; leaf blades 4–15 cm × 4–5 mm, margins scabrid, otherwise smooth, apex subacute; ligule 0.5–1.5 mm, truncate. Panicle open, erect, ovate or pyramidal in outline, 4–18 cm, with many pendant spikelets; branches paired, obliquely ascending, sparingly branched; pedicels hairlike, longer than spikelets, flexuous. Spikelets broadly ovate, 4–6 × 5–7 mm, shining, purplish, florets 4–8; lower glume 2.5–3 mm, 1-veined, upper glume 3–3.5 mm, 3–5-veined; lemmas orbicular, lowest 3–4 mm, 7–9-veined; palea obovate, slightly shorter than lemma, keels glabrous. Anthers 1.5–2 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul–Sep. 2n = 14, 28.
Loosely tufted perennial 3–6 dm; lvs 2–4 mm wide, scabrous-margined; ligule truncate, ca 1 mm; infl 5–15 cm, lax, freely branched; spikelets numerous, round-ovate, 4–7 mm, 4–12-fld; glumes 2.5–3.5 mm, 3–5-veined; lemmas ca 4 mm; 2n=14, 28. Native of Europe, sparsely intr. in meadows and waste places in the n. part of our range.
A grass. It keeps growing from year to year. It has short rhizomes. The stalks are in loose tufts. It grows 40-60 cm tall. The leaf blades are 4-15 cm long by 4-5 mm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.6
Root system fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.2
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows in grassy clearings in forests between 3,600-3,800 m above sea level in southern China. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 1-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-7

Usage

The seeds are used in porridge and bread.
Uses animal food environmental use forage medicinal
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) 20
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -29
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Briza media habit picture by Arthur Schmidt (cc-by-sa)
Briza media habit picture by Emanuele Santarelli (cc-by-sa)
Briza media habit picture by Racoccoon (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Briza media leaf picture by Bua Lado Fco. Javier (cc-by-sa)
Briza media leaf picture by Steven Law (cc-by-sa)
Briza media leaf picture by David Hocken (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Briza media flower picture by adrian etter (cc-by-sa)
Briza media flower picture by Patrick Nard (cc-by-sa)
Briza media flower picture by Dominique Vioux (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Briza media fruit picture by Christian Cupillard (cc-by-sa)
Briza media fruit picture by Frederic Marot (cc-by-sa)
Briza media fruit picture by Ferme de Bonneau (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Briza media world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, China, Colombia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, Micronesia (Federated States of), United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Morocco, Malaysia, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393294-1
WFO ID wfo-0000854755
COL ID NBY8
BDTFX ID 10469
INPN ID 86490
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Briza media f. umbrosa Briza media f. pumila Briza media f. pilosa Briza media f. repens Briza anceps Briza pauciflora Briza viridis Briza lutescens Briza australis Briza media f. intermedia Briza media f. murrii Briza media f. pauciflora Briza serotina Briza elatior Briza pilosa Briza tremula Briza elatior var. australis Briza media subsp. elatior Briza media var. albida Briza media var. alpestris Briza media var. dublanensis Briza media var. elatior Briza media var. gracilenta Briza media var. gracilior Briza media var. gracilis Briza media var. horakii Briza media var. lutescens Briza media var. major Briza media var. nivea Briza media var. pallens Briza media var. pallescens Briza media var. pilosa Briza media var. repens Briza media var. serotina Briza media var. stolonifera Briza media var. violacea Briza media var. virens Poa media Briza media var. lutescens Briza media var. pauciflora Briza media