Bromus arvensis L.

Field brome (en), Brome en grappe (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Bromus

Characteristics

Annual. Culms loosely tufted, 40–100 cm tall, 2–5-noded. Leaf sheaths hairy; leaf blades 10–20 cm × 3–6 mm, scattered pubescent, margins and adaxial surface scabrid; ligule 2–4 mm. Panicle lax, 15–30 × 10–20 cm; branches clustered, spreading or nodding, scabrid, each bearing 5–8 spikelets. Spikelets oblong-lanceolate, 12–22 × 3–4 mm, tinged with purple, florets 5–8, overlapping; rachilla ca. 2 mm; glumes unequal, margins membranous, apices acuminate, lower glume 4–6 mm, 3-veined, upper glume 6–8 mm, 5–7-veined; lemmas broadly elliptic or obovate, 7–9 mm, back rounded, 7-veined, glabrous, margins membranous with obtuse angle, apex minutely 2-toothed, awned from ca. 2 mm below apex; awn 7–10 mm, slender, straight; palea subequal to lemma, keels ciliate. Anthers 3–4.5 mm. Caryopsis blackish brown, 7–9 × ca. 1 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun–Aug. 2n = 14.
More
Annual 3–10 dm, the culms glabrous; sheaths with scattered hairs; blades 10–20 cm × 2–6 mm, flat, sparsely hairy; panicle 15–30 cm, erect or eventually nodding, with long, slender, ascending to suberect branches; spikelets 10–25 mm, 4–10-fld; first glume 4–6 mm, 3(5)-veined, the second 6–8 mm, 5-or 7-veined; lemmas 7–9 mm, with a straight awn 6–10 mm; palea about equaling the lemma; anthers (3–)4–5 mm; 2n=14. Native of s. Europe, sparingly intr. in our range and elsewhere in the U.S.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.65 - 0.9
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.3
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light 7-8
Soil humidity 5-5
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -35
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Bromus arvensis habit picture by Kilhiann Bagur (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Bromus arvensis leaf picture by Tim Philp (cc-by-sa)
Bromus arvensis leaf picture by Bodard Denis (cc-by-sa)
Bromus arvensis leaf picture by Kilhiann Bagur (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Bromus arvensis flower picture by Hans-Jörg Dr. Wilhelm (cc-by-sa)
Bromus arvensis flower picture by Hans-Jörg Dr. Wilhelm (cc-by-sa)
Bromus arvensis flower picture by Jcm Arthur (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Bromus arvensis fruit picture by William Coville (cc-by-sa)
Bromus arvensis fruit picture by Karl Seibel (cc-by-sa)
Bromus arvensis fruit picture by Савченко Никита (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Bromus arvensis world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, China, Colombia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, Micronesia (Federated States of), Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Nicaragua, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393536-1
WFO ID wfo-0000855198
COL ID NCTM
BDTFX ID 10585
INPN ID 86535
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Bromus fragilis Bromus multiflorus Bromus phragmitoides Bromus spiculitenuata Forasaccus arvensis Serrafalcus arvensis Serrafalcus billotii Serrafalcus verticillatus Bromus splendens Avena arvensis Bromus billotii Bromus arvensis f. compactus Bromus arvensis f. degener Bromus arvensis f. diffusus Bromus arvensis f. violaceus Bromus hyalinus Bromus mollissimus Bromus polymorphus Bromus polystachyus Bromus ventolana Serrafalcus duvalii Bromus segetalis Bromus versicolor Bromus verticillatus Bromus parviflorus Bromus arvensis subsp. hyalinus Bromus arvensis subsp. segetalis Bromus arvensis var. compactus Bromus arvensis var. degener Bromus arvensis var. diffusus Bromus arvensis var. diffusus Bromus arvensis var. fragilis Bromus arvensis var. giganteus Bromus arvensis var. hyalinus Bromus arvensis var. inermis Bromus arvensis var. intermedius Bromus arvensis var. laxus Bromus arvensis var. nutans Bromus arvensis var. oliganthus Bromus arvensis var. sericostachys Bromus arvensis var. splendens Bromus arvensis var. turcicus Bromus arvensis var. velutinus Bromus arvensis var. versicolor Bromus erectus var. arvensis Bromus secalinus subsp. billotii Bromus secalinus var. billotii Serrafalcus arvensis var. pilosus Bromus arvensis var. triflorus Bromus arvensis var. diffusus Bromus arvensis var. phragmitoides Bromus arvensis