Bromus ciliatus L.

Fringed brome (en), Brachypode à deux épis (fr), Brachypode à deux épillets (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Bromus

Characteristics

Perennial 6–12 dm, the culms few or even solitary, glabrous, or hairy at the nodes; sheaths pilose or seldom glabrous, often overlapping; blades 4–10 mm wide, glabrous to sparsely villous on one or both sides; ligule 0.3–1(–1.5) mm; infl 1–2 dm, loose and open with slender, often flexuous, drooping or spreading branches to 15 cm; spikelets drooping, 15–25 mm, 4–10-fld; glumes glabrous or at most scabrous to minutely hispid, the first lance-subulate, 5–8 mm, 1-veined (rarely with a faint pair of lateral veins), the second lanceolate, 7–10 mm, 3-veined, often short-awned; lemmas 10–13 mm, rather long-hairy near the margins, especially toward the base, glabrous or nearly so on the back; awns 3–5 mm; anthers 0.9–1.7 mm; 2n=14, 28, 56. Moist woods and other wet places; Lab. and Nf. to Alas., s. to Pa. (and in the mts. to Tenn.), Mo., and Tex. (B. dudleyi)
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Perennial, with short rhizomes. Culms 70–120 cm tall, pubescent with reflexed hairs, 6-noded. Leaf sheaths pubescent; leaf blades 2–3 cm × 6–10 mm, glabrous or sparsely pilose on adaxial surface; ligule ca. 1 mm. Panicle broadly ovoid, nodding, 15–25 cm; branches 2 or 3 per node, curved, each bearing 1–3 spikelets. Spikelets 15–20 mm, green with membranous yellowish brown apex, florets 6 or 7; rachilla 1–2 cm, sparsely pubescent; glumes scabrid on keel, lower glume 6–7 mm, 1-veined, upper glume narrow, 8–9 mm, 3-veined; lemmas 10–12 mm, 5–7-veined, pilose near margins in lower half and along lower 1/3 of midrib, back glabrous, apex obtuse or bilobed, awned from between teeth; awn 2–6 mm, erect; palea 8–9 mm, keels ciliate. Anthers 1–1.5 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul–Sep. 2n = 14.
A grass. It keeps growing from year to year. It has short rhizomes. The stems are 70-120 cm tall. They are hairy. The leaf blades are 2-3 cm long by 6-10 mm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.95 - 1.2
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) 0.4
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a cold temperate plant. It grows in mid elevation mountains and at low elevations in north China.
Light 2-6
Soil humidity 5-6
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 4-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses animal food
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Bromus ciliatus unspecified picture

Distribution

Bromus ciliatus world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, France, Japan, Montenegro, Malaysia, Nicaragua, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:37003-2
WFO ID wfo-0000855366
COL ID NCWH
BDTFX ID 10627
INPN ID 86568
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Bromus hookeri subvar. brevicaulis Bromopsis canadensis Bromopsis ciliata Bromus canadensis Bromus ciliaris Bromus capillaris Bromus hookeri Bromus ciliatus f. denudatus Bromus denseciliatus Bromus pubescens f. glabriflorus Bromus segetum Bromus yezoensis Zerna yezoensis Bromus dudleyi Bromus canadensis subsp. yezoensis Bromus ciliatus var. denudatus Bromus ciliatus var. intonsus Bromus hookeri var. canadensis Bromus hookeri var. ciliatus Bromus inermis var. ciliatus Bromus pubescens var. canadensis Bromus pubescens var. ciliatus Bromus purgans var. ciliatus Bromus purgans var. pallidus Bromus richardsonii subsp. pallidus Bromus richardsonii var. pallidus Bromus ciliatus f. intonsus Zerna canadensis Zerna ciliata Bromus ciliatus var. ciliatus Forasaccus ciliatus Bromus ciliatus