Bruguiera exaristata Ding Hou

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Rhizophoraceae > Bruguiera

Characteristics

A small spreading tree. It grows 3-10 m high. It has buttresses at the base and many knee like aerial roots. The bark is dark grey and has a chequered pattern. The leaves grow opposite each other and are crowded towards the ends of branches. They are smooth and thick and leathery. They are oval with a sharply pointed stalk. The leaf blade is 4-10 cm long by 2-5 cm wide. The leaves are dark green and shiny on top and lighter green below. The leaf stalk is about 2 cm long. The leaf scar leaves 3 small distinct U shaped traces on the stem. The flowers are large and orange. They are 2-3.5 cm long by 1-3 cm wide. They are enclosed in a prominent green ring of sepals. The flowers hang down from the axils of the upper leaves. The fruit is cone shaped and about 1.5 cm long. The seed germinates on the plant. This produces a long narrow hypocotyl 4-9 cm long and 0.6-0.8 cm wide. It has ribs along its length. It is orange brown and with a ring of lobes from the flower at the end. The seed germinates on the bush before the fruit falls.
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Small tree up to 10 m by 25 cm. Bark dark-grey and cracked. Leaves obovate, rarely elliptic, 5-9.5 by 3-4.5 cm, acute, base acuminate, margin sometimes revolute; nerves 7 pairs, distinct; petiole 1½-2½ cm. Stipules c. 2 cm long. Peduncle 7-12 mm. Flowers at anthesis 2-2.5 cm long. Calyx 8(-10)-lobed, 10-15 mm long, tube distinctly ridged externally down to the base. Petals 9-11 mm long, densely fringed with white appressed hairs at the base and along the outer margins, lobes 1h the length of the petal, obtuse, without bristles at the apex and in the sinus, very rarely with a minute, obscure one in the sinus. Filaments 10 mm, anthers 5 mm long, apiculate. Style c. 14 mm long, stigmas obscurely 3-lobed. Hypocotyl cylindric, obtuse at both ends, obscurely ridged, 4.5-6 cm by 6-8 mm.
Tree to 10 m high, buttressed; bark fissured, grey; knee roots present. Leaves: lamina usually obovate, acute, 4–10 cm long, 2–5 cm wide, margin often recurved; petiole 1.5–2.5 cm long; stipules c. 2 cm long. Flowers solitary, 2–2.5 cm long at anthesis; pedicels 7–12 mm long. Hypanthium distinctly ridged throughout, tapering to base. Sepals 8, occasionally to 10, leathery. Petals 9–11 mm long, shortly 2-lobed; base and margins densely villous; bristles absent, or a minute one in sinus only. Anthers 5 mm long, apiculate. Hypocotyl cylindrical, slightly ridged, 4–6 cm long, 6-8 mm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 10.0
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

It is a tropical plant. They are found along river banks and estuaries. It is more common in areas with a seasonal rainfall and long dry season.
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In mangroves or growing at the rear of „ other mangroves and along creeks (Mossman River, Queensland).
Mainly found towards the landward edge of mangrove forests.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The fruit is eaten. It needs special preparation.
Uses food fuel invertebrate food material
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Seeds can be planted directly from the tree. Seedlings transplant easily.
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Images

Bruguiera exaristata unspecified picture

Distribution

Bruguiera exaristata world distribution map, present in Australia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, and Timor-Leste

Conservation status

Bruguiera exaristata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719530-1
WFO ID wfo-0000572746
COL ID 5X4R6
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Bruguiera exaristata