Buddleja salviifolia (L.) Lam.

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Scrophulariaceae > Buddleja

Characteristics

Shrubs, rarely trees, 1-5 m tall, sometimes up to 8 m; stems many, long, slender, wand-like in upper portion, subquadrate, tomentulose (white or rusty)lateral branches more or less straight, suberect, slender, tomentulose. Leaves sessile or subsessile, dark green above, rusty or white tomentulose beneath, ovate-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate acuminate, 3-14.5 cm long, 0.7-4.2 cm broad, long and narrowly acuminate to an acute apex, base deeply cordate to auriculate, upper surface glabrescent, finely and distinctly rugose, lower surface reticulate, midrib and nerves prominent, tomentulose, tomentum short, with some sparsely scattered stellate hairs in it, margin rather thick, finely and regularly crenate and often reflexed. Stipules interpetiolar, leaf-like but short and broadly rounded at the apex, auriculate. Cymes in large terminal pyramidal bunches, peduncles and bracts stellate tomentose, ultimate 3-flowered cymes more or less sessile forming a several flowered head. Calyx tomentose without, more or less enclosed at the base by 1 or 2 pairs of opposite, oblong-ovate, tomentose bracts which are joined at the base and are about as long as the calyx; calyx-tube about 1.5-2 mm long, glabrous within; lobes erect about 0.5-1 mm long, broadly ovate, deltoid. Corolla varying in colour even in plants in the same locality, cream, lilac, lavender blue, purple or white with a deep orange throat, stellate tomentose without; tube about 5-8 mm long, hirsute within; lobes more or less oblong, 1.5-3 mm long, suberect at first with at least 2 becoming strongly reflexed, all fairly thinly bearded at the base. Stamens inserted on the corolla tube just above the middle; free portion of filaments short, 1.5 mm long; anthers included, about 1.5 mm long. Ovary stellate tomentose; style about 4 mm long, glabrescent, stigma clavate. Capsule obovoid, about 4.5 mm long, exserted by about half from the persistent calyx, tomentose, the tomentum becoming short as the capsule matures, valves split for about 1/3 of the length, subacute.
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Shrub or tree, up to 5 m. tall, with reddish-brown bark; young parts tomentellous, glabrescent.. Leaves shortly petiolate; petiole about 3 mm. long; lamina lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, up to 10 cm. long, 2.5 cm. wide, shortly attenuate to an acute apex, rounded or cordate at the base, crenulate.. Inflorescence a compound raceme of dense clusters of cymules; lateral racemes up to 6 cm. long and 2.5 cm. in diameter; pedicels obscure.. Corolla lilac to mauve or violet, with darker or orange centres; corolla-lobes very broadly oblong, with rounded apex.. Anthers subsessile, inserted below the throat.. Ovary almost spherical, densely hirsute above.. Fig. 6/6, p. 37.
Shrub or tree, 1-5 m high, sometimes up to 8 m high. Leaves sessile or subsessile; blade narrowly ovate to narrowly linear-ovate, 30-145 x 7-42 mm, apex acuminate, base cordate or auriculate, margins finely, regularly crenate, upper surface dark green, rugose, lower surface rusty or white tomentulose, reticulate. Stipules distinct, leaf-like, apex broad, base auriculate. Flowers: in cymes, cymes large terminal, pyramidal bunches; stamens included; corolla 7-11 mm long, cream-coloured, lilac, lavender-blue, purple or white with deep orange throat; Jun.-Nov.
Tree or shrub, 1-8 m high; stems many, long, slender, lateral branches suberect, tomentulose (white or rusty). Stipules broadly rounded at apex, auriculate. Leaves opposite and decussate, sessile or subsessile, dark green, glabrescent, distinctly rugose above, rusty or white tomentulose, reticulate below; blade ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate acuminate, base deeply cordate to auriculate. Inflorescences cymose, large terminal, pyramidal bunches, stellate-tomentose. Flowers cream-coloured or lilac with deep orange throat. Fruit small capsule.
A shrub or small tree. It is 3-8 m tall. There are often many stems from the base. The branches tend to droop. The bark is reddish brown. The small branches are covered with dense woolly hairs. The leaves are broadly sword shaped. They are 3-14 cm long by 0.7-4 cm wide. They are dark green or grey-green and wrinkled above. Underneath they have rusty of white hairs. The base is lobed. The flowers are white to cream or purple and 10 mm long. They are in heads 12 cm long. The fruit are oval and 4-5 mm long.
Corolla white or lilac to purple, with a deep orange throat, with erect lobes (2–)2·5–3·5 times as long as the calyx, 6–9 mm. long, outside tomentose, inside hirsute on the base of the lobes and within the tube, except for the glabrous base; tube nearly cylindrical, (1·4)2–2·7 times as long as the calyx, 2·5–3·2 times as long as the lobes, 4·2–6·8 mm. long, slightly widened towards the throat and there about 2 mm. wide; lobes suborbicular to oblong, 1·8–2·5 x 1·2–1·8 mm., rounded, entire, spreading.
Leaves opposite, sessile or shortly petiolate; petiole — if present — up to 7 mm. long; lamina narrowly ovate to narrowly oblong, (2–)4–6·5 times as long as wide, 4–17 x 0·8–4·5 cm., sometimes a little smaller, long–acuminate, with the apex acute, deeply cordate to auriculate at the base, crenate, bullate, finely and distinctly rugose and glabrescent above; venation conspicuous, reticulate.
Shrub or tree, 1-5 m high, sometimes up to 8 m high. Leaves subsessile, cordate to auricled at base, upper surface rugose. Interpetiolar leafy stipules present. Corolla tube long, cylindrical. Stamens included. Flowers cream, lilac, lavender-blue, purple or white with deep orange throat.
Willowy shrub or tree, up to 8 m tall. Leaves sessile, discolorous, lanceolate, margins crenate, base auriculate. Flowers in terminal, paniculate cymes, tubular with anthers included, white to purple with orange throat. Fruit an ellipsoid capsule.
Pistil 2·8–5 mm. long; ovary subglobose, laterally compressed, 1–1·2 x 1 x 0 8–1 mm., hirto–pubescent with stellate hairs, bilocular; style with stigma 2–3 mm. long, glabrescent; stigma large, clavate, often larger than the style.
Willowy shrub or tree to 8 m. Leaves sessile, discolorous, lanceolate, margins crenate, base auriculate. Flowers in terminal, paniculate cymes, tubular with anthers included, white to purple with orange throat.
Calyx campanulate, 2–3 mm. long; tube 1–3 times as long as the lobes; lobes subequal, broadly to rather narrowly triangular, 0·8–1·5 times as long as wide, 0·5–1·5 x 0·5–1 mm., acute, entire.
Branchlets white– or, (especially when dry) rusty–tomentose with stellate hairs as the leaves beneath, the peduncles, bracts beneath, and calyx and corolla outside.
Stamens included; filaments very short, inserted 3–4 mm. above the corolla base; anthers oblong, 0·8–1·5 x 0·3–0·5 mm., glabrous; cells parallel.
Inflorescence paniculate, very variable in size, 2–15 x 1–10 cm. (30 x 25 cm.); ultimate branches 3–flowered, more or less sessile and clustered.
Seed medium brown, obliquely tetrahedral, 0·8–1·5 x 0·4–0·6 x 0·3 mm. narrowly winged at the edges; both wings and testa minutely reticulate.
Capsule 3–4·5 x 2·4 x 1·4–2 mm., ellipsoid, exserted by about half from the calyx, apiculate, hairy as the ovary but less densely.
In each locule one axile circular peltate placenta with about 20 ovules outside.
Shrub or sometimes small tree, 1–8 m. high.
Flowers sessile, sweet–scented.
Stipules foliate.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 2.5 - 4.0
Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a warm temperate to subtropical plant. They grow at the edges of or in evergreen forest. They also occur on rocky mountain slopes and along watercourses. It needs a light to medium well-drained soil. It needs an open sunny position. It is resistant to drought and frost. In Zimbabwe it grows between 1,200-2,500 m above sea level. It suits hardiness zones 9-10. Geelong Botanical Gardens.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 5-11
Soil texture 6-7
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-10

Usage

CAUTION: The berries may be poisonous. The flowers and fresh or dried leaves are steeped in water, sweetened with honey and drunk in small doses as a health drink.
Uses environmental use material medicinal poison
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Fuel (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds. Plants strike easily from cuttings. Hardwood cuttings treated with rooting hormone is best. They strike after 2-3 weeks. Adult trees can also be transplanted.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -12
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Buddleja salviifolia flower picture by Timo Tait (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Buddleja salviifolia world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, New Zealand, eSwatini, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Buddleja salviifolia threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:545879-1
WFO ID wfo-0000574234
COL ID NN82
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 851936
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Buddleja aurantiaco-maculata Buddleja salviifolia Lantana salviifolia