Byrsonima spicata (Cav.) Rich. ex Kunth

Doncella (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Malpighiaceae > Byrsonima

Characteristics

Tree, 4-22 mm tall, the trunk to 40 cm d.b.h; outer bark thin, light brown with many minute fissures; inner bark brownish-red, moderately thick; young parts ferruginous, appressed-pubescent. Leaves opposite, elliptic-oblong, acuminate, acute and decurrent at the base, 5-14 cm long, 1.5-4.5 cm wide, glabrate or sparsely pubescent below and on midrib above in age; petioles 5-10 mm long; stipules narrowly triangular, ca. 3 mm long. Pseudoracemes terminal, 6-10 cm long, shorter than the leaves; rachis angular, ferruginous appressed-pubescent; bracts ovate-lanceolate or linear, 1.5-3.0 mm long, ferruginous-pubescent out-side; bracteoles lanceolate, 1.0-1.5 mm long; peduncles and pedicels densely ferruginous-tomentose. Flowers many, ca. 1.5 mm in diameter, yellow; sepals 1.5-2.0 mm long, usually each with 2 glands, the glands oblong-obovate, yellow; petals subequal, suborbicular, concave,-clawed, 4-6 mm in diam., subentire, 1 petal flat, somewhat thicker and more erect than the others; stamens 10, in 2 series, nearly erect, 3.0-3.5 mm long, the filaments pubescent from the base, nearly as long as the anthers, the anthers ca. 2.5 mm long, introrse, the connective swollen slightly surpassing the apex; styles 3, narrowly pointed, distinct, slightly longer than the stamens, persisting in fruit. Drupes more or less globose, ca. 10 mm in diam., glabrous, green to yellow or~yellow-orange at maturity; seeds 3. This species flowers from June to August. Fruits mature from August to Oc-tober.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 6.0 - 6.01
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Primary and secondary rain forest, in areas not subject to inundation. Ridge and savannah forests. Common in secondary forests and frequently on lands degraded by farming.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses charcoal medicinal wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Fever (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Byrsonima spicata leaf picture by Busy bee (cc-by-sa)
Byrsonima spicata leaf picture by vini (cc-by-sa)
Byrsonima spicata leaf picture by Tulio Martins de Oliveira (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Byrsonima spicata flower picture by JP Corrêa Carvalho (cc-by-sa)
Byrsonima spicata flower picture by JP Corrêa Carvalho (cc-by-sa)
Byrsonima spicata flower picture by Matheus Braga (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Byrsonima spicata fruit picture by Andraus Eduardo (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Byrsonima spicata world distribution map, present in Antigua and Barbuda, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Barbados, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Lucia, Montserrat, Martinique, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and United States of America

Conservation status

Byrsonima spicata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:557153-1
WFO ID wfo-0000577036
COL ID P277
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 634560
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Byrsonima guadalupensis Byrsonima hostmannii Byrsonima propinqua Malpighia guadalupensis Byrsonima biacuminata Byrsonima spicata Malpighia spicata Byrsonima chrysophylla f. glandulifera Byrsonima chrysophylla f. kunthiana Byrsonima coriacea f. angustifolia Byrsonima coriacea f. eglandulosa Byrsonima coriacea f. propinqua Byrsonima angustifolia Byrsonima coriacea var. spicata Byrsonima peruviana var. eglandulosa Byrsonima spicata f. propinqua