Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars

Showy pigeonpea (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Cajanus

Characteristics

Vines, woody, twining or trailing, to 2 m. Stems slender, ± pubescent. Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate; stipules small, ovate, hairy, usually deciduous; petiole 1-2 cm; stipels absent; petio­lules extremely short; leaflets papery or nearly leathery, with glandular spots, sparsely pubescent on both surfaces, denser abaxially, basal veins 3, obviously convex below; terminal leaflet elliptic or obovate-elliptic to obovate, 1.2-4 × 0.8-1.5(-3) cm, apex obtuse or rounded; lateral leaflets smaller, obliquely elliptic to obliquely obovate. Raceme axillary, usually less than 2 cm, 1-5-flowered; peduncle 2-5 mm, densely brown to dull brown villous. Calyx campanulate, 5-lobed, or 4-lobed with upper 2 incompletely connate; lobes linear-lanceolate. Co­rolla yellow, ca. 1 cm, usually deciduous; standard obovate, with emarginate auricle and claw at base; wings narrowly elliptic, slightly curved, base auriculate; keels curved at apex, densely very pale brown villous. Ovules several. Legume oblong, 1.5-2.5 × 0.4-0.6 cm, leathery, densely villous, transversely con­stricted between seeds. Seeds 2-7, dark brown, ellipsoidal, ca. 4 mm; strophiole convex. Fl. Sep-Nov, fr. Oct-Dec.
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A slender trailing herb. The root is woody. The stems have a rusty red covering of hairs. The leaves are divided into 3 leaflets. The leaflets are oval. The leaflets are 1-7 cm long by 1-3 cm wide. They are covered with dense grey hairs. The flowers are in clusters of 2-6. They are yellow and crimson. They are on a short stalk in the axils of leaves. The fruit is a pod 1.5-2.5 cm long by 5-7 mm wide. It is covered with fine silky hairs. There are grooves across the pod between the seeds. There are 3-6 seeds.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.5 - 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in Nepal to 1000 m altitude. It is drought resistant. It grows in hedges and open forests. In southern China it grows between 100-1,500 m above sea level. in Sichuan and Yunnan.
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Fields, roadsides, grassy slopes, seasides; at elevations from 100-1,500 metres. Open grassland, dry scrub and deciduous monsoon forests. It also occurs on ridges between cultivated fields and along roadsides.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-12

Usage

The young fruit are cooked as a vegetable. The seeds are eaten cooked like beans. They are used as a substitute for pigeon pea. The pods are boiled in water with salt and the seeds eaten after boiling. The young leaves are cooked and eaten as a vegetable.
Uses environmental use food forage gene source medicinal
Edible fruits leaves pods seeds
Therapeutic use Furunculosis (leaf), Pharyngitis (leaf), Pruritus (leaf), Snake bites (leaf), Tonsillitis (leaf), Abdominal pain (root), Anthelmintics (root), Gastrointestinal diseases (root), Gonorrhea (root), Leukorrhea (root), Menorrhagia (root), Cardiovascular system (seed), Cholera (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Gonorrhea (unspecified), Gravel (unspecified), Rinderpest (unspecified), Smallpox (unspecified), Spermatorrhea (unspecified), Syphilis (unspecified), Venereal (unspecified), Bite(Snake) (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Anemia (unspecified), Burns (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Edema (unspecified), Disorder of ejaculation (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Hemiplegia (unspecified), Leukorrhea (unspecified), Menorrhagia (unspecified), Pain (unspecified), Sexually transmitted diseases (unspecified), Skin diseases (unspecified), Snake bites (unspecified), Vomiting (unspecified), Wound healing (unspecified), Wounds and injuries (unspecified), Central nervous system diseases (whole plant excluding root)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Cajanus scarabaeoides flower picture by Augustin Soulard (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Cajanus scarabaeoides fruit picture by Augustin Soulard (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cajanus scarabaeoides world distribution map, present in Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Fiji, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Hong Kong, Indonesia, India, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mali, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Mauritius, Malaysia, Nigeria, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Réunion, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, United States of America, Viet Nam, and Zambia

Conservation status

Cajanus scarabaeoides threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480751-1
WFO ID wfo-0000179114
COL ID PBJW
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 670767
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cajanus scarabaeoides Rhynchosia scarabaeoides Atylosia pauciflora Dolichos minutus Rhynchosia biflora Stizolobium scarabaeoides Dolichos scarabaeoides Atylosia scarabaeoides Desmodium biflorum Cantharospermum nervosum Hedysarum biflorum Rhynchosia mollis Cantharospermum scarabeoideum Dolichos scarabaeoides Cajanus scarabaeoides var. argyrophyllus Atylosia scarabaeoides var. argyrophylla Atylosia scarabaeoides var. queenslandica Cantharospermum pauciflorum

Lower taxons

Cajanus scarabaeoides var. pedunculatus Cajanus scarabaeoides var. scarabaeoides