Capillipedium parviflorum Stapf

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Capillipedium

Characteristics

Culms to 150 cm high, simple or rarely branched, glabrous or hairy, aromatic; nodes glabrous or hairy. Leaves: ligule a short, truncate membrane, ciliolate, to c. 0.8 mm long; blade to 30 cm long, 2–8 mm wide, glabrous or with long tubercle-based hairs and/or short scabrid hairs. Inflorescences 8–25 cm long, 2.5–9 cm wide, often purple-coloured; peduncle (stalk of spikelet cluster) 0.2–2 cm long; final branch with 1 terminal spikelet cluster or rarely with 2 spikelet clusters per branch. Terminal spikelet clusters with 3 hetermorphic spikelets (1 sessile spikelet and 2 pedicellate spikelets), if lower cluster present then only 2 heteromorphic spikelets (1 sessile spikelet and 1 pedicellate spikelet); each cluster with short hairs on the callus of the sessile spikelet and pedicels. Sessile spikelets oblong, slightly elliptic or lanceolate, 2.2–4 mm long; lower glume shape as per spikelet, minutely truncate, shallowly concave on back, grooved or flat, scabrous all over, ciliate on keels, 6-veined (2 intracarinal veins usually visible); upper glume lanceolate, similar in length to lower glume, tapered to acute point at apex, scaberulous upwards on thickened or distinct midvein or keel, with distinct raised veins either side of midrib forming marginal keels; lower lemma ovate, 1.75–2.5 mm long, sterile; upper lemma stipitiflorm and tapering into an awn, 11–16 mm long; bisexual, anthers c. 1.2 mm long. Pedicellate spikelets lanceolate, 2.4–3.8 mm long, acute; lower glume 5–7-veined, scabrous, with keels ciliolate upwards; upper glume 1–3-veined; lower floret with lemma as long as glumes, male or sterile; upper floret not seen. Caryopsis c. 1.5 mm long.
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Perennial. Culms tufted, 50–120 cm tall, 0.5–2 mm in diam., not or little branched, nodes bearded. Leaf sheaths glabrous or pilose, ciliate at mouth; leaf blades 15–30 × 0.3–0.8 cm, scaberulous or pubescent, usually hispid with tubercle-based hairs toward base, base rounded, apex acuminate; ligule 0.5–1 mm. Panicle oblong in outline, 9–20 × 2–5 cm; branches untidily flexuous, pilose in axils; racemes usually composed of triads, occasionally with 1–2 additional spikelet pairs, purple; rachis internodes and pedicels shortly ciliate at base. Sessile spikelet 3–4 mm; lower glume oblong-lanceolate, slightly glossy, back 2-veined, shallowly concave between veins, hispidulous, margins keeled, pectinate-ciliate above middle, apex narrowly obtuse; upper glume ciliate along upper margins; awn of upper lemma 1–1.5 cm. Pedicelled spikelet equaling the sessile and often staminate, or smaller and barren. Fl. and fr. Aug–Dec. 2n = 20, 40, 60.
Caespitose perennial; culms mostly 75–100 cm high with barbate nodes; leaf sheaths tight or eventually slipping from the culms, the lowermost longer than and the remainder shorter than the internodes, ± covered in tubercle-based hairs and frequently villous on the collar; ligule a very short, truncate, ciliolate membrane; leaf laminas up to 30 cm × 2.5 mm, glaucous, erect and straight, linear from an often narrowed and slightly contracted base, flat, scabrid on the margins, finely pointed at the apex.
Sessile spikelet 2.8–5 mm long, narrowly oblong; inferior glume with short hairs on the back, shallowly concave in the middle, with 2 intercarinal nerves, ciliate on the keels above, truncate at the apex; superior glume 1-keeled, scabrid on the keel, the median nerve excurrent as a short mucro; inferior lemma empty, 2–2.5 mm long, ovate; superior lemma stipitiform, linear, flattened, 1-nerved, entire; awn c. 20 mm long (including the lemma), minutely hispidulous; anthers c. 1.5 mm long.
Tufted perennial; culms slender, 50–150 cm. high.. Leaf-blades 10–30 cm. long, 2–7 mm. wide.. Inflorescence 8–25 cm. long; racemes reduced to a single triad of 1 sessile and 2 pedicelled spikelets, rarely with 2 sessile spikelets.. Sessile spikelet narrowly oblong, 3–4 mm. long, scabrid, occasionally pubescent, acute; lower glume shallow concave, with 2 intercarinal nerves; awn 10–15 mm. long.. Pedicelled spikelet lanceolate, 2.5–3.5 mm. long.
Pedicelled spikelets 2.5–3.5 mm long, lanceolate, male or neuter; inferior glume shortly hairy on the keels, with 3 intercarinal nerves, acute at the apex; superior glume glabrous, with 2 intercarinal nerves; inferior lemma oblong, truncate; anthers c. 1.5 mm long.
Panicle 8–25 cm long; racemes reduced to 1 sessile and 2 pedicelled spikelets, rarely with 2 sessile and 3 pedicelled spikelets; rhachis internodes glabrous, the pedicels hairy on the margins.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Widespread in eucalypt woodlands.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Reports of the pasture value of this species vary, considered fairly good fodder by some authors (B.K. Simon ined.) but others report that although eaten by stock it is not considered to have high fodder value (Lazarides 2002, Andersen 2003).
Uses fodder medicinal social use
Edible -
Therapeutic use Snake bites (bark), Furunculosis (leaf), Scorpion stings (leaf), Wounds and injuries (leaf), Anti-bacterial agents (unspecified), Antirheumatic agents (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Capillipedium parviflorum unspecified picture

Distribution

Capillipedium parviflorum world distribution map, present in Australia, China, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Mozambique, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Sudan, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Viet Nam, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:395045-1
WFO ID wfo-0000858336
COL ID QQBP
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 673147
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Andropogon alternans Andropogon cinctus Andropogon micranthus Andropogon quartinianus Andropogon villosulus Andropogon violascens Capillipedium parviflorum Chrysopogon parviflorus Dichanthium parviflorum Holcus parviflorus Rhaphis coerulescens Rhaphis parviflora Andropogon caerulescens Bothriochloa parviflora Rhaphis microstachya Sorghum parviflorum Sorghum quartinianum Anatherum parviflorum Andropogon capilliflorus Andropogon parviflorus Andropogon parvispicus Bothriochloa parviflora f. villosula Bothriochloa parviflora f. violascens Capillipedium arachnoideum Capillipedium cinctum Capillipedium vietnamense Chrysopogon alternans Chrysopogon parvispicus Chrysopogon villosulis Chrysopogon villosulus Chrysopogon violascens Holcus caerulescens Bothriochloa parviflora f. villosula Bothriochloa pauciflora Rhaphis villosula Andropogon micranthus var. multispiculus Andropogon micranthus var. villosulus Andropogon micranthus var. violascens Andropogon micratherus var. quartinianus Bothriochloa parviflora var. multispicula Capillipedium arachnoideum subsp. luzoniense Capillipedium parviflorum subsp. capilliflorum Chrysopogon parviflorus var. flavescens Dichanthium parviflorum var. capilliflorum Andropogon micranthus var. quartinianus Andropogon parviflorus var. villosulus Capillipedium parviflorum var. parviflorum Chrysopogon parviflorus var. violascens Capillipedium parviflorum var. villosulum

Lower taxons

Capillipedium parviflorum var. mutispiculum