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Carthamus L.

Distaff thistle (en), Carthame (fr), Carthame au sens large (fr)

Genus

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae

Characteristics

Annual to perennial herbs. Stems not winged. Hairs long and multicellular, short and glandular, and cobwebby. Lvs alternate, sessile, simple, dentate to 2-pinnatifid, the teeth spinose. Capitula homogamous, ovoid, solitary. Involucral bracts in several series, the outer leaflike, the inner sometimes with scarious apical appendages; hairs long and multicellular, short and glandular, and cobwebby. Receptacle convex; scales numerous, linear. Florets ☿, all tubular. Corolla glabrous, 5-lobed, yellow to red or violet. Anthers tapered to a rounded apex, with short basal appendages; filaments bearded. Style branches linear, erect, appressed. Achenes oblong to subpyramidal, glabrous, rugose or smooth; achene insertion oblique; pappus scales 0 in outer achenes, in several rows or 0 on inner achenes, the inner rows much > the outer; scales stiff, sordid or brown, ciliolate, free to base.
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Annual herbs. Stems erect, strongly branched in upper 1/2, longitudinally striate; wings absent. Leaves ovate to pinnatilobed; margins with several spine-tipped lobes. Capitula terminal, homogamous. Involucral bracts spine-tipped; outer bracts leaf-like, patent, with margins mostly spiny-lobed. Receptacle convex, not alveolate, with numerous setae. Corolla orange, yellow or pink-purple; tube linear but with expanded limb marked with longitudinal black lines; lobes linear. Anther filaments free, pilose. Style branches connate, erect. Achenes ovoid-truncate, slightly 4-angular, smooth, glabrous, without apical rim; carpopodium lateral. Pappus persistent (or mostly absent in C. tinctorius), of numerous barbellate, ensiform bristles, outer ones much shorter than inner, pale brown, free.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.15 - 0.45
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-10

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 12 - 18
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 18
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Carthamus unspecified picture

Distribution

Carthamus world distribution map, present in Australia, New Zealand, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8120-1
WFO ID wfo-4000006839
COL ID 3HWX
BDTFX ID 86099
INPN ID 190375
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Phonus Carthamus Carduncellus Femeniasia

Lower taxons

Carthamus calvus Carthamus dianius Carthamus pectinatus Carthamus multifidus Carthamus tinctorius Carthamus dentatus Carthamus rhiphaeus Carthamus x battandieri Carthamus glaucus Carthamus persicus Carthamus rhaponticoides Carthamus nitidus Carthamus mitissimus Carthamus leucocaulos Carthamus chouletteanus Carthamus ilicifolius Carthamus lucens Carthamus turkestanicus Carthamus mareoticus Carthamus pomelianus Carthamus rechingeri Carthamus x faurei Carthamus eriocephalus Carthamus creticus Carthamus tamamschjanae Carthamus boissieri Carthamus curdicus Carthamus carthamoides Carthamus gypsicola Carthamus leucocaulos Carthamus duvauxii Carthamus hispanicus Carthamus helenioides Carthamus reboudianus Carthamus tenuis Carthamus balearicus Carthamus fruticosus Carthamus oxyacantha Carthamus plumosus Carthamus strictus Carthamus reboudianus Carthamus pomelianus Carthamus cespitosus Carthamus atractyloides Carthamus arborescens Carthamus catrouxii Carthamus pinnatus Carthamus caeruleus Carthamus carduncellus Carthamus lanatus
WorldFloraDB 2024