Caulophyllum Michx.

Cohosh (en)

Genus

Angiosperms > Ranunculales > Berberidaceae

Characteristics

Herbs, perennial, deciduous, glabrous. Rhizome creeping, stout, nodose, with numerous fibrous roots. Aerial stem erect. Leaves alternate, 2 or 3 × ternately compound, broadly ovate in overall outline; petiole short or leaves sessile; pinnules petiolulate or sessile, ovate, obovate, or broadly lanceolate, undivided or lobed, venation pinnate or palmate, margin entire. Inflorescences terminal, compound cymes. Flowers 3-merous; bracteoles 3 or 4, sepaloid, caducous. Sepals 6, petaloid, yellow, red, purple, or green. Petals 6, fan-shaped or obovate, nectary-like. Stamens distinct; anthers dehiscing by 2 apically hinged flaps; pollen prolate, 3-colporate, exine reticulate. Ovary bladderlike; placentation basal; styles eccentric. Fruit not developing, ovary wall soon rupturing and seed coat becoming fleshy and fruitlike. Seeds 2, raised on elongating stalk, naked at maturity, globose; seed coat tunic-blue, fleshy, glaucous. x = 8.
More
Herbs , perennial, deciduous, to 2-9 dm, glabrous. Rhizomes nodose, producing 2 leaves per year. Aerial stems present. Leaves caducous, cauline, 2-ranked, 1st leaf larger than 2d leaf, 2-4-ternately compound; petioles short or absent. Leaf blade broadly obovate in overall outline; rachis pulvinate; leaflet blades broadly obovate, entire or lobed, margins not toothed; venation pinnate to palmate. Inflorescences terminal, compound cymes. Flowers 3-merous, 6-20 mm; bracteoles caducous, 3-4, sepaloid; sepals 6, yellow, purple, red, brown, or green, petaloid; petals 6, fan-shaped, bearing nectar; stamens 6; anthers dehiscing by 2 apically hinged flaps; pollen exine reticulate; ovary bladderlike; placentation appearing basal; styles eccentric. Fruits not developed, ovary wall soon rupturing. Seeds 2, elevated on elongating stalk, naked at maturity; seed coat blue, fleshy, glaucous; aril absent. x = 8.
Sep 6, biseriate, petaloid, subtended by 3 or 4 sepal-like bracts; pet 6, biseriate, represented only by small, stipitate-flabellate, gland-like nectaries opposite and much shorter than the sep; stamens 6; ovary asymmetrical, tapering above and with a minute apicolateral stigma; poisonous smooth perennial herbs, the erect stem bearing above the middle a single large, sessile, triternate lf, simulating 3 biternate lvs, and another smaller lf just below the infl; ovary soon ruptured by the enlarging seeds, which ripen fully exposed on short, stout stalks and resemble drupes. 2, the other in e. Asia.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.9
Root system creeping-root fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
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Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Productivity -

Images

Caulophyllum unspecified picture

Distribution

Caulophyllum world distribution map, present in China and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328522-2
WFO ID wfo-4000007064
COL ID 3JQ5
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Caulophyllum

Lower taxons

Caulophyllum giganteum Caulophyllum robustum Caulophyllum thalictroides