Chasmanthera dependens Hochst.

Species

Angiosperms > Ranunculales > Menispermaceae > Chasmanthera

Characteristics

Woody liane; mature branches with flaking bark; young branchlets densely pubescent.. Leaves with petiole 7–14 cm. long; blade clearly cordate at base, acuminate or subobtuse at apex, 7–20 cm. long and wide, membranous to subpapery, silky-tomentellous when young, later pubescent; basal nerves 5–7, palmate.. Male inflorescences 10–30 cm. long, 1.5–2 cm. wide; pedicels 3–6 mm. long; bracts linear-filiform, pubescent or subtomentellous.. Male flowers with lanceolate outer sepals 1.5–2 mm. long and 0.5–1 mm. wide; inner sepals obovate, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, with a tuft of hairs at apex and sometimes also down the median line outside; petals subequal, obovate, 2–2.5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, glabrous; stamens 2.5–3 mm. long.. Female inflorescences 10–18 cm. long.. Female flowers with staminodes about 1 mm. long; carpels 1.8–2 mm. long, ± united at apex by the stigmas.. Drupes 1–1.5 cm. long, 0.8–1.2 cm. wide.. Seeds 1–1.8 cm. long.. Fig. 5.
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A climbing shrub or vine. It keeps growing from year to year. It can be 10 m long. The older branches have flaking bark. The leaves are broadly oval and deeply heart shaped at the base. They are 4-20 cm by 4-20 cm wide. They have velvety hairs. The flowers are yellow-green. They are on stalks 10-30 cm long. The fruit are orange and oval. They are 10-15 mm long.
Male flowers with lanceolate outer sepals 1.5–2 x 0.5–1 mm.; inner sepals 2.5–3.5 x 1.5–2 mm., obovate with a tuft of hairs at the apex and sometimes also down the median line outside; petals subequal, 2–2.5 x 1.5–2 mm., obovate, glabrous; stamens 2.5–3 mm. long.
Leaf-lamina 7–20 cm. long and wide, clearly cordate at base, acuminate or subobtuse at apex, membranous to subpapyraceous, silky-tomentellous when young, later pubescent, basal nerves 5–7, palmate, petiole 7–14 cm. long.
Male inflorescences 10–30 cm. long, 1.5–2 cm. wide; pedicels 3–6 mm. long; bracts linear-filiform, pubescent or subtomentellous.
Female flowers with staminodes about 1 mm. long; carpels 1.8–2 mm. long, ± united at the apex by the stigma.
Liane; mature branches with flaking bark; young branchlets densely pubescent.
Female inflorescences 10–18 cm. long.
Drupelets up to 2 x 1.2 cm.
Bark papery, exfoliating
Flowers greenish-yellow
Seeds 1–1.8 cm. long.
Ripe fruits scarlet.
Liane
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Rain-forest, regrowth, fringing forest, scrub on termite-hills, on rocky outcrops, dried-up water-courses; at elevations from 500-1,500 metres, descending to 50 metres in Somalia.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows in dry rocky soils. It grows between 600-1,200 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places.
Of forest margins, and in savannah especially by rocks; sometimes planted
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The roots are boiled in milk to make a drink. The stems are eaten.
Uses environmental use food material medicinal
Edible fruits leaves roots stems tubers
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Chasmanthera dependens world distribution map, present in Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Equatorial Guinea, Nigeria, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sao Tome and Principe, Chad, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, and Zambia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:580270-1
WFO ID wfo-0000599893
COL ID 5Y23C
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Chasmanthera dependens