Chionanthus D.Royen

Fringetree (en)

Genus

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Oleaceae

Characteristics

Trees, deciduous or evergreen; twigs often with prominent lenticels. Leaves opposite, entire, pinnately veined, mostly glandular-punctate or with minute peltate trichomes beneath, sometimes with simple hairs as well; petioles slender; exstipulate. Inflorescences mostly terminal panicles, the branching opposite, dichasial; scalelike bracts and bracteoles present. Flowers mostly white, some-times drying yellowish; calyx cupular or funnelform, mostly with 4 deltoid lobes; corolla with a short tube and ca. 4 elongate, linear, straplike petals; stamens 2, inserted opposite one another near the top of the corolla tube between the petals, the filaments short and glabrous, the anthers oblong to ellipsoidal, latrorse with a broad connective produced into an apicule or umbo; style short, cylindrical, apically 2-lobed, the lobes ventrally stigmatic, sometimes basally connate, the ovary 2-loculed with 2 pendulous ovules in each locule. Fruits ellipsoidal or ob-long, 1-seeded drupes.
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Trees or shrubs, usually evergreen. Leaves opposite, simple, petiolate; leaf blade entire. Inflorescences axillary or rarely terminal panicles, sometimes cymes, umbels, heads, racemes, or fascicles. Flowers bisexual. Calyx small, 4-toothed or 4-lobed. Corolla white or yellow, 4-parted; lobes almost free to base or united into a very short tube or joined in pairs at base, valvate in bud. Stamens 2, inserted at base of corolla lobes; anthers elliptic or long elliptic, subextrorse. Ovules 2 in each locule, pendulous. Style short; stigma entire or 2-cleft. Fruit a drupe; endocarp bony. Seeds usually 1; endosperm fleshy or absent; radicle upward.
Evergreen or deciduous trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, simple, entire or dentate, ± coriaceous. Inflorescence axillary or terminal, dichasial or paniculate. Flowers bisexual. Calyx ± campanulate, 4-lobed. Corolla tube obsolete or extremely short; lobes 4, linear or shortly oblong, usually divided to base and united by bases of filaments, induplicate-valvate. Stamens 2 or rarely 4; filaments short; anthers globose to elliptic. Ovary globose-conical, with 2 ovules per locule; style short; stigma 2-lobed to subcapitate. Fruit a fleshy drupe; endocarp hard or crustaceous.
Fls seemingly perfect; cal minute; cor divided nearly to the base, the 4 lobes narrowly linear; stamens 2, inserted on the short cor-tube, the anthers large, oblong, the filaments very short; ovules 2 per locule; style short, slender; fr an ovoid or ellipsoid drupe with very thin exocarp; shrubs or small trees with simple, entire lvs and conspicuous white fls in loose panicles from the axils of the previous year. 2, the other in e. Asia.
Corolla valvate, with very short tube and linear lobes, these strongly concave, with incurved margins and cucullate apex.
Ovary subglobose, bilocular, with 2 ventral or pendent ovules per loculus; style short, stigma subcapitate.
Leaves simple, opposite, entire, not lepidote; acarodomatia usually present.
Trees and shrubs, evergreen (in F.Z. area) or rarely deciduous.
Flowers in axillary paniculate cymes or fascicles, 4–merous.
Stamens 2, inserted on corolla tube; anthers introrse.
Fruit a 1–seeded drupe.
Seed lacking endosperm.
Calyx deeply lobed.
Life form -
Growth form tree
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Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Environment

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Hardiness (USDA) 7-12

Usage

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Cultivation

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Germination duration (days) 30 - 180
Germination temperacture (C°) 15 - 21
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Images

Chionanthus unspecified picture

Distribution

Chionanthus world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Andorra, Australia, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), China, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Ecuador, Fiji, Georgia, Guatemala, Honduras, Haiti, Indonesia, Jamaica, Japan, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Moldova (Republic of), Myanmar, Malaysia, Norfolk Island, Nicaragua, Nepal, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Paraguay, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Tonga, Taiwan, Province of China, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Vanuatu, and Samoa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328105-2
WFO ID wfo-4000007910
COL ID 8VW75
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 898064
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Mayepea Chionanthus Cylindria Linociera

Lower taxons

Chionanthus greenii Chionanthus colonchensis Chionanthus macrothyrsus Chionanthus verticillatus Chionanthus beccarii Chionanthus acunae Chionanthus adamsii Chionanthus albidiflorus Chionanthus amblirrhinus Chionanthus axilliflorus Chionanthus balgooyanus Chionanthus brachystachys Chionanthus brachythyrsus Chionanthus brassii Chionanthus bumelioides Chionanthus calcicola Chionanthus callophylloides Chionanthus callophyllus Chionanthus caudifolius Chionanthus caymanensis Chionanthus celebicus Chionanthus crassifolius Chionanthus crispus Chionanthus curvicarpus Chionanthus cuspidatus Chionanthus decipiens Chionanthus densiflorus Chionanthus dictyophyllus Chionanthus domingensis Chionanthus ellipticus Chionanthus eriorachis Chionanthus evenius Chionanthus ferrugineus Chionanthus filiformis Chionanthus glomeratus Chionanthus grandifolius Chionanthus guangxiensis Chionanthus hahlii Chionanthus hainanensis Chionanthus havilandii Chionanthus henryae Chionanthus implicatus Chionanthus jamaicensis Chionanthus kajewskii Chionanthus kinabaluensis Chionanthus ligustrina Chionanthus littoreus Chionanthus longiflorus Chionanthus longipetalus Chionanthus lucens Chionanthus luzonicus Chionanthus macrocarpus Chionanthus mala-elengi Chionanthus maxwellii Chionanthus micranthus Chionanthus microbotrys Chionanthus microstigma Chionanthus minutiflorus Chionanthus nitens Chionanthus nitidus Chionanthus oblanceolatus Chionanthus oblongifolius Chionanthus oliganthus Chionanthus pachyphyllus Chionanthus palustris Chionanthus panamensis Chionanthus parkinsonii Chionanthus pedunculatus Chionanthus plurifloroides Chionanthus pluriflorus Chionanthus purpureus Chionanthus pygmaeus Chionanthus quadristamineus Chionanthus ramiflorus Chionanthus remotinervius Chionanthus retusus Chionanthus riparius Chionanthus rugosus Chionanthus sabahensis Chionanthus sutepensis Chionanthus tenuis Chionanthus thorelii Chionanthus timorensis Chionanthus trichotomus Chionanthus urbanii Chionanthus velutinus Chionanthus verruculatus Chionanthus vitiensis Chionanthus wurdackii Chionanthus zeylanicus Chionanthus zollingerianus Chionanthus avilensis Chionanthus axillaris Chionanthus bakeri Chionanthus clementis Chionanthus compactus Chionanthus cordulatus Chionanthus dussii Chionanthus gigas Chionanthus henryanus Chionanthus lancifolius Chionanthus leopoldii Chionanthus polycephalus Chionanthus polygamus Chionanthus porcatus Chionanthus proctorii Chionanthus pubescens Chionanthus pubicalyx Chionanthus salicifolius Chionanthus sessiliflorus Chionanthus sleumeri Chionanthus spicatus Chionanthus stenurus Chionanthus subsessilis Chionanthus coriaceus Chionanthus diversifolius Chionanthus enervis Chionanthus holdridgii Chionanthus montanus Chionanthus rostratus Chionanthus rupicola Chionanthus spiciferus Chionanthus guianensis Chionanthus parviflorus Chionanthus kostermansii Chionanthus sordidus Chionanthus sulawesicus Chionanthus abriaquiensis Chionanthus megistocarpus Chionanthus gardneriorum Chionanthus pyriformis Chionanthus robinsonii Chionanthus subcapitatus Chionanthus harmandii Chionanthus macrobotrys Chionanthus acuminatissimus Chionanthus sumatranus Chionanthus fluminensis Chionanthus globosus Chionanthus virginicus