Chionanthus retusus Paxton

Chinese fringetree (en), Arbre de neige (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Oleaceae > Chionanthus

Characteristics

Shrubs or trees to 20 m. Branchlets terete, spreading, glabrous, or pubescent when young. Petiole 0.5-2 cm, densely covered with curly hairs; leaf blade oblong, elliptic, or orbicular, sometimes ovate or obovate, 3-12 × 2-6.5 cm, usually somewhat leathery, adaxially villous along veins, abaxially villous or glabrescent except on veins, base rounded to cuneate, rarely subcordate, apex blunt, sometimes retuse or acute; primary veins 3 or 4 on each side of midrib, slightly raised. Cymose panicles terminal on lateral shoots, 3-12 cm, glabrescent. Pedicel slender, 0.5-2 cm, glabrous. Calyx 1-3 mm; lobes narrowly deltate or lanceolate, 0.5-2.5 mm. Corolla white; tube 1.5-4 mm; lobes linear-oblanceolate, (1-) 1.5-2.5 cm. Anthers long ovate, 1.5-2 mm. Drupe blue-black or black, pruinose, ovoid, 1-1.5 cm × 6-10 mm. Fl. Mar-Jun, fr. Jun-Nov. 2n = 46*.
More
A deciduous tree. It grows 3-10 m high. The tree is broadly spreading. The bark is grey-brown and corky. It is deeply furrowed. The leaves are oval and 10 cm long by 5 cm wide. They have either a blunt point are an indent. There can be fine teeth. They are glossy green above and paler underneath. The male and female flowers are on separate plants. The flowers are creamy white with narrow petals. They are about 2 cm long. They are in upright panicles at the end of the shoots. The fruit is an egg shaped berry. It is 1.5 cm long and deep blue.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 2.5 - 4.0
Mature height (meter) 3.5 - 8.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It is native to China and Japan. It grows in woods and on cliffs in sunny, moist places. It will grow in alkaline soils. It suits hardiness zones 6-10. Arboretum Tasmania. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
Light 5-9
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-9

Usage

The young leaves are used for tea. It is sweet smelling.
Uses environmental use medicinal tea
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grafted. It can be grown from fresh seed.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 180
Germination temperacture (C°) 15 - 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Chionanthus retusus flower picture by Зобенко Андрей (cc-by-sa)
Chionanthus retusus flower picture by Зобенко Андрей (cc-by-sa)
Chionanthus retusus flower picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Chionanthus retusus world distribution map, present in China, Japan, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), and Taiwan, Province of China

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:608796-1
WFO ID wfo-0000830220
COL ID 5XTMQ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Chionanthus retusus Chionanthus coreanus Chionanthus chinensis Chionanthus duclouxii Chionanthus serrulatus Chionanthus retusus var. coreanus Chionanthus retusus var. fauriei Chionanthus retusus var. mairei Chionanthus retusus var. serrulatus