Chloris pycnothrix Trin.

Spiderweb chloris (en), Chloris (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Chloris

Characteristics

Annual or short-lived perennial, stoloniferous. Culms erect or geniculately ascending and rooting at lower nodes, 35–60 cm tall. Leaf sheaths keeled, glabrous; leaf blades flat or folded, 3–16 cm, 3–5 mm wide, glabrous, apex obtuse, often mucronulate; ligule 3–4 mm, white ciliate. Racemes digitate or in two close whorls, 7–13, ascending when young, spreading at maturity, 5–9 cm, feathery, purplish; rachis puberulous. Spikelets with 2 florets, 1-or 2-awned; glumes linear-lanceolate, acuminate-mucronate; lower glume 1–1.6 mm; upper glume 2–3.2 mm; lemma of fertile floret narrowly elliptic in side view, 2–3 mm, glabrous, scabrous in upper half, awn 9–25 mm; second floret reduced to a narrow 0.3–0.8 mm rudiment on a filiform rachilla, awn absent or erect, 3–7 mm. Fl. and fr. May–Nov.
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Annual; culms up to 0.5 m. high, erect or more often geniculately ascending, often rooting at the nodes.. Leaf-blades flat, 2–10 cm. long, 3–5 mm. wide, obtuse at the apex; sheaths keeled.. Inflorescence of 2–7(–13) paired, digitate or subdigitate, loose or spreading, often purplish spikes 4–10 cm. long.. Spikelets 2-flowered, 1–2-awned; lower glume 1.5–3 mm. long; upper glume 2.3–3.5 mm. long; lowest lemma narrowly elliptic in side view, 2.5–3.2 mm. long, pallid, scabrid on the margins, keel and flanks, the awn 11–27 mm. long, often purplish; callus rounded, ciliate; 2nd lemma a small scabrid scale 0.1–1 mm. long borne upon an internode 2–3 mm. long, with or without an awn up to 8 mm. long, embraced by the lowest lemma and similar in shape.
Usually annual, sometimes perennial, 150-500 mm high, tufted; basal sheaths keeled. Leaf blade 20-100 x 3-5 mm, tip rounded and blunt, sparsely hairy. Inflorescence digitate to subdigitate, racemes 4-9, 40-100 mm long, delicate, narrow, usually purple and horizontally spreading at first and straw coloured and curving inwards later; spikelets overlap for most of their lengths. Spikelet 2-3 mm long, 2-flowered; lower glume 1.5-2.0 mm long; upper glume 2.0-2.5 mm long; lowest lemma 2.5-3.2 mm long, tips acuminate to acute, narrowly elliptic, glabrous and scabrid, awn 11-27 mm long, callus rounded; second lemma reduced to a scale 0.1-1.0 mm long, awnless or with awn up to 8 mm long; anther 0.4-0.5 mm long.
Usually annual, sometimes perennial, 150-500 mm high, tufted; basal sheaths keeled. Leaf blade blunt, sparsely hairy, apex rounded; ligule a short, fringed membrane or fringe of hairs. Inflorescence digitate to subdigitate, of 4-9 racemes, delicate, narrow, usually purple, horizontally spreading at first, straw-coloured and curving inwards later. Spikelets 2-3 mm long, laterally compressed; glumes unequal, membranous, keeled, 1-nerved. Florets 2; lowest lemma narrowly elliptic, glabrous but scabrid, apex acuminate to acute, awn 11-27 mm long, callus rounded; second lemma reduced to a scale 0.1-1.0 mm long, awnless or with awn up to 8 mm long; anther 0.4-0.5 mm long. Flowering time Sept.-May.
Annual; occasionally perennial; up to 0.5 m high; tufted. Leaf blades 20-100 x 3-5 mm; leaves with rounded and blunt apices. Flowers: inflorescence digitate; spikes 4-9; delicate; narrow; 40-100 mm long; horizontally spreading; spikelets 2-3 mm long; lower glume 1.5-3.0 mm long; lowest lemma 2.5-3.2 mm long; glabrous; apices acuminate to acute; awns 11-27 mm long.
Spikelets 2-flowered, 1–2-awned; inferior glume 1.3–1.4 mm long; superior glume 2–2.4 mm long; floret callus rounded; fertile lemma 2.4–2.8 mm long, narrowly elliptic in profile, pallid, scabrid on the margins, keel and flanks, the awn 11–27 mm long; 2nd lemma 0.1–1 mm long, borne upon an internode 2–3 mm long, awnless or with an awn up to 8 mm long.
Usually annual or perennial, tufted, up to 500 mm tall. Leaf blades 20-100 mm long, 3-5 mm wide, leaves with rounded and blunt tips. Spikelets 2-3 mm long. Spikes 4-9, delicate, narrow, 40-100 mm long, horizontally spreading; lower glume 1.5-3.0 mm long; lowest lemma 2.5-3.2 mm long, tips acuminate to acute, awns 11-27 mm long.
Annual up to 45 cm tall, erect or geniculately ascending, often rooting from the nodes; leaf sheaths keeled; leaf laminas 3–11 cm × 3–5 mm, abruptly obtuse at the apex.
Inflorescence of 3–12 digitate or subdigitate racemes 1.5–7 cm long.
Stoloniferous perennial up to 30 cm. high
Inflorescence tinged with pink
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.35 - 0.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.6
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Fallow land and lawns.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-4
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Chloris pycnothrix leaf picture by Leigh Winowiecki (cc-by-sa)
Chloris pycnothrix leaf picture by Kranthi Kiran (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Chloris pycnothrix flower picture by Marc Roussin (cc-by-sa)
Chloris pycnothrix flower picture by Leigh Winowiecki (cc-by-sa)
Chloris pycnothrix flower picture by Leigh Winowiecki (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Chloris pycnothrix world distribution map, present in Angola, Burkina Faso, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Botswana, Central African Republic, China, Congo, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Honduras, Indonesia, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Peru, Palau, Paraguay, Réunion, Rwanda, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Somalia, eSwatini, Seychelles, Chad, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:395998-1
WFO ID wfo-0000859646
COL ID 5Y8C6
BDTFX ID 82228
INPN ID 706044
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Chloris beyrichiana Chloris intermedia Chloris leptostachya Gymnopogon haumanii Chloris obtusifolia Chloris beyreichiana Chloris salzmannii Gymnopogon beyrichianus Chloris leptostachya var. intermedia Chloris radiata var. beyrichiana Gymnopogon radiatus var. beyrichianus Chloris anomala Chloris humilis Chloris pycnothrix