Chrysopogon nigritanus (Benth.) Veldkamp

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Chrysopogon

Characteristics

Sessile spikelet c. 7 mm long, narrowly linear-lanceolate; inferior glume coriaceous, spinulose on the back; superior glume coriaceous to chartaceous, sharply keeled in the middle and with inflexed margins, spinulose along the keel, drawn out into a shortly aristate tip; inferior floret with ovate hyaline lemma; superior floret bisexual, the lemma hyaline with a bilobed apex; awn c. 5 mm long, sometimes slightly exserted from the glumes, glabrous on the column, minutely scabrid on the bristle.
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Pedicelled spikelet neuter, shorter than the sessile; glumes similar to those of the sessile spikelet but less coriaceous and less spinulose; inferior glume c. 5 mm long, sparingly aculeolate along the keel towards the apex or almost smooth; superior glume smooth with flexible ciliate margins; inferior lemma hyaline with ciliate margins.
A grass. It forms clumps and keeps growing from year to year. It grows 1.5-3 m high. The leaf blades are 90 cm long by 7 mm wide. The flower panicle is 15-40 cm long. It is sword shaped. There are 8-10 rings of flowers with up to 15 flowers on each.
Panicle 15–40 cm long, lanceolate; main axis minutely ciliolate; whorls 8–10 each with up to 15 racemes; racemes very slender; rhachis internodes longer than the spikelets, glabrous; pedicels shorter than the sessile spikelets, glabrous.
Caespitose perennial; culms 150–300 cm high, unbranched, the uppermost nodes exposed, glabrous; ligule scarious with shortly ciliate margin or a line of hairs on an extremely short scarious rim; leaf laminas up to 90 cm × 7 mm, narrow.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.5 - 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows mainly along river banks. In southern Africa it grows between 20-1,300 m altitude.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use food material medicinal poison social use
Edible rhizomes roots
Therapeutic use Perfume (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Chrysopogon nigritanus world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Botswana, Central African Republic, Congo, Cabo Verde, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Mali, Mozambique, Mauritania, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Chad, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Chrysopogon nigritanus threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1012067-1
WFO ID wfo-0000859877
COL ID 5Z4DF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Chrysopogon nigritanus Mandelorna insignis Vetiveria nigritana Andropogon nigritanus Jardinea kibambeleensis Andropogon squarrosus var. nigritanus Andropogon zizanioides var. nigritanus Chrysopogon zizanioides var. nigritana Vetiveria zizanioides var. nigritana Rhaphis zizanioides var. nigritanus