Cinchona officinalis L.

Quinine (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Cinchona

Characteristics

A shrub or tree. The leaves are narrowly oval and 10 cm long by 4 cm wide. There can be short hairs on the veins underneath. The flowers are in groups at the ends of the branches. There are many flowers. The fruit is an oblong capsule 2 cmlong.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 8.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. In South America it grows between 1,600-2,700 m above sea level. It grows in wet mountain forests. In XTBG Yunnan.
More
Cool, humid, mountain regions at elevations of 1,200-3,000 metres.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

It is added to give a bitter flavour to "gin and tonic".
Uses dye environmental use food material medicinal oil poison
Edible barks
Therapeutic use Anemia (bark), Anti-arrhythmia agents (bark), Antioxidants (bark), Antipyretics (bark), Common cold (bark), Fever (bark), Gallbladder diseases (bark), Gastrointestinal agents (bark), Gastrointestinal diseases (bark), Jaundice (bark), Liver diseases (bark), Malaria (bark), Amebiasis (unspecified), Antiseptic (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Bactericide (unspecified), Cold (unspecified), Contraceptive (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Flu (unspecified), Hangover (unspecified), Malaria (unspecified), Neuralgia (unspecified), Pertussis (unspecified), Piles (unspecified), Pinworms (unspecified), Pneumonia (unspecified), Schizonticide (unspecified), Sciatica (unspecified), Septicemia (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Typhoid (unspecified), Varicosity (unspecified), Uterotonic (unspecified), Anesthetic (unspecified), Carditis (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Insecticide (unspecified), Lumbago (unspecified), Nalaria (unspecified), Neuritis (unspecified), Repellant(Insect) (unspecified), Tumor(Glands) (unspecified), Amenorrhea (unspecified), Analgesics (unspecified), Anesthetics, local (unspecified), Anti-bacterial agents (unspecified), Anti-infective agents, local (unspecified), Anti-inflammatory agents (unspecified), Antiparasitic agents (unspecified), Antipyretics (unspecified), Appetite stimulants (unspecified), Arthralgia (unspecified), Bacterial infections (unspecified), Bronchitis (unspecified), Cardiotonic agents (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Digestive system diseases (unspecified), Disinfectants (unspecified), Dysmenorrhea (unspecified), Dyspepsia (unspecified), Dystocia (unspecified), Expectorants (unspecified), Heart diseases (unspecified), Heart rate (unspecified), Helminthiasis (unspecified), Hemorrhoids (unspecified), Hepatomegaly (unspecified), Insect repellents (unspecified), Jaundice (unspecified), Laryngeal diseases (unspecified), Low back pain (unspecified), Migraine disorders (unspecified), Mouth diseases (unspecified), Muscle cramp (unspecified), General tonic for rejuvenation (unspecified), Rhinitis, allergic, seasonal (unspecified), Skin diseases (unspecified), Spasm (unspecified), Splenomegaly (unspecified), Uterine contraction (unspecified), Whooping cough (unspecified), Brachial neuritis (unspecified), Otorrhea (unspecified), Antiperiodic (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 14 - 23
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Cinchona officinalis unspecified picture

Distribution

Cinchona officinalis world distribution map, present in Ecuador, Jamaica, Peru, and Puerto Rico

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:58723-2
WFO ID wfo-0001132044
COL ID 5Z7QQ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 706049
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Cinchona cucumaefolia Cinchona vritusino Cascarilla officinalis Cinchona peruviana Quinquina palton Cinchona officinalis Cinchona chahuarguera Cinchona coccinea Cinchona condaminea Cinchona palton Cinchona suberosa Cinchona legitima Cinchona colorata Cinchona crispa Hindsia subandina Quinquina officinalis Cinchona academica Cinchona uritusinga Cinchona josephiana Cinchona lancifolia var. lanceolata Cinchona macrocalyx var. obtusifolia Cinchona macrocalyx var. uritusinga Cinchona calisaya var. josephiana Cinchona condaminea var. lanceolata Cinchona officinalis var. uritusinga Cinchona lucumifolia var. stupea Cinchona condaminea var. chahuarguera Cinchona condaminea var. vera Cinchona officinalis var. condaminea Cinchona officinalis var. crispa Cinchona officinalis var. bonplandiana-colorata Cinchona officinalis var. bonplandiana-lutea Cinchona officinalis var. josephiana Cinchona officinalis var. vera