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Tufted spiny, bushy perennial 200-600 mm high; culm septate. Leaf blade 10-60 x 4-9 mm. Inflorescence branches up to 50 mm long, less than their own length apart, spine-tipped; spikelets arranged at short intervals, usually almost perpendicular to the branches. Spike-let 6-18 x 3-4 mm, 3-18-flowered; lemma 3.5 mm long, nerves obvious but not prominent; palea keel hard, scaberulous; anther 1.7-2.3 mm long.
Spiny, bushy perennial to 60 cm. Leaves lanceolate, rolled, rigid, pungent. Spikelets in rigid panicles, primary branches persistent, spiny, less than their own length apart, 6-18 mm long, perpendicular to branchlets.
