Clerodendrum rotundifolium Oliv.

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Lamiaceae > Clerodendrum

Characteristics

Erect shrub 0.75–3 m. tall or sometimes climbing and even reported to be a small tree; stems with dense short spreading pubescence, later glabrescent and lenticellate.. Leaves opposite or in whorls of 3 or rarely alternate, ovate to ± round, (2–)5–28 cm. long, (0.9–)4.5–26 cm. wide, shortly acuminate at the apex, rounded to cordate or less often broadly cuneate at the base, entire, crenate or crenate-dentate, pubescent to densely pilose above, usually densely so or velvety beneath or sometimes indumentum restricted to the nervation; petiole 2–9(–11.5) cm. long.. Flowers fragrant, in terminal, not very dense, subumbellate dichasial cymes and with some in axils beneath, usually all ± aggregated in one inflorescence; pedicels 1.4–4 cm. long, pubescent with short soft hairs, glandular or not; bracts linear, ± 4 mm. long.. Calyx densely pubescent; tube subglobose, 3–5 mm. long; lobes lanceolate, 1–1.7 cm. long, 3.5–7 mm. wide, acuminate, becoming more triangular in fruit, 1.5–2.5 cm. long, 0.6–1.2 cm. wide.. Corolla white; tube slender, (4–)6.3–11.3 cm. long, gjandular-pubescent outside; lobes broadly elliptic or oblong, 1–2.2 cm. long, 7–8.5 mm. wide, obtuse.. Stamens exserted 3.5 cm.. Style exserted 3.5 cm.; stigma purplish.. Fruit red, drying black and shiny, depressed subglobose, 1–1.5 cm. long, 1.2–1.8 cm. wide, 4-lobed.. Fig. 12/7–9, p. 96.
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Leaves opposite or 3-whorled; lamina 3.7–21 × 2.5–18 cm, ovate-orbicular to ovate or broadly elliptic, mostly cordate (sometimes deeply so) or subtruncate (sometimes the two base-types in the same plant) or rounded at the base, rounded and shortly acuminate at the apex (the acumen sometimes cuspidate), usually entire or rarely irregularly crenate, soft or somewhat rigid on drying, slightly pubescent above, more densely so beneath (hairs soft, whitish, denser on the nervation), sometimes nearly canescent or velvety beneath or on both faces; nerves and reticulation somewhat raised beneath; petiole 1–16 cm long.
A soft-wooded somewhat virgate shrub 1–4 m high, sometimes scandent or a liane up to c. 6 m or more, rarely a tree up to c. 8 m tall; flowering branches green-brownish to dark brown, stout, cylindrical, hollow, hispid pubescent, glabrescent; indumentum ± dense of short uniformly patent bristles, sometimes ± sparsely intermixed with longer (up to 2 mm long) bristles, found on the upper part of branches, petioles, the base and margins of inflorescence-leaves and the inflorescence and calyx, sometimes reddish or reddish-yellow on the petioles.
Cymes few-flowered, subumbellately arranged above and axillary below, aggregated into one lax terminal leafy inflorescence up to 17 cm long; peduncles of cymes ascending, those of the supra-axillary-cymes 5.5–8 cm long; pedicels long, those of the flowers in the dichotomies up to 4 cm; bracteoles linear.
Corolla white or creamy-white, sweet-scented; tube 7–10 cm long, slender, glandular-pubescent on the outside; lobes 1.3–2 cm long and 5–9 mm wide, oblong or elliptic, obtuse.
Calyx 1.7–2.8 cm long, obconical at the base; lobes up to 1.5 cm long, and 1 cm wide at the base, attenuate-cuspidate, erect, sparsely puberulous.
Fruit 1–1.5 cm long and 1.2–1.8 cm broad, black when dry.
Stamens and style exserted for c. 3.5 cm.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.88 - 3.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 21 - 60
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Clerodendrum rotundifolium world distribution map, present in Burkina Faso, Congo, Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, and Uganda

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:862358-1
WFO ID wfo-0000885987
COL ID W44R
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Siphonanthus rotundifolius Siphonanthus cavus Clerodendrum guerkii Clerodendrum rotundifolium Clerodendrum stuhlmannii Clerodendrum zambesiacum Clerodendrum rotundifolium var. keniense Clerodendrum rotundifolium var. stuhlmannii Clerodendrum hildebrandtii var. pubescens Clerodendrum cavum