Coix lacryma-jobi L.

Job's tears (en), Herbe à chapelets (fr), Coix larme-de-Job (fr), Larme-de-Job (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Coix

Characteristics

Annual. Culms erect, robust, 1–3 m tall, more than 10-noded, branched. Leaves cauline; leaf sheaths shorter than internodes, glabrous; leaf blades linear-lanceolate, usually glabrous, 10–40 × 1.5–7 cm, midvein stout, base subrounded or cordate, margins scabrous, apex acute; ligule 0.6–1.2 mm. Male raceme 1.5–4 cm, spikelets in pairs with terminal triad; utricle ovoid to cylindrical, usually bony, shiny, 7–11 × 6–10 mm, white, bluish or gray-brown, sometimes with apical beak. Male spikelets oblong-ovate, 6–9 mm; glumes many-veined, lower glume winged on keels, wings 0.4–0.8 mm wide, wing margin ciliolate; anthers 4–5 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun–Dec. 2n = 20.
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A millet grass. It is a loosely tufted, tall, annual grass. It grows up to 1-2 m high with long slender leaves. The stems have a soft, white, centre inside. The leaves can be 60 cm long and 3-5 cm wide. The sheath of the leaf around the stem, is short. The flower stalk is long and arching. Male and female flowers are in separate spikes on the flowering stalk. The female flowers have a hard covering which changes from green to black to white, as it ripens. Male flowers are small and on top. The seed is like a bead and used for necklaces. They are 1.5 cm long. The seeds are green when young, and turn to pearly grey or purple when mature.
Annual, 0.9-1.2 m high. Leaf blade 100-500 x 2-7 mm. Inflorescence a leafy false panicle, branches each subtended by a smooth hard, whitish to ivory-like bead or cupule enclosing female spikelet; male spikelet on a tassel exserted from bead. Spikelets unisexual; female spikelet up to 5 mm long; male spikelet 7-10 mm long; anther of male spikelet up to 4.5 mm long. Flowering time Aug.-Apr.
Annual or ?perennial 900-1200 mm high. Leaf blade 100-500 x 2-7 mm. Inflorescence branches each subtended by a smooth hard, whitish to ivory-like bead or cupule enclosing the female spikelet; male spikelet is on a tassel exserted from the bead. Spikelets unisexual; female spikelet up to 5 mm long; male spikelet 7-10 mm long; anther of male spikelet up to 4.5 mm long.
Culms freely branching, 1 m. or more high; blades as much as 50 cm. long, the upper ones commonly 10-20 cm. long, 2-3.5 cm. wide, rounded or cordate-clasping at the base; staminate part of the inflorescence 2-4 cm. long, the spikelets 8-10 mm. long; beads or sheathing bracts about 1 cm. long, smooth and shining.
Annual; 0.9-1.2 m high. Leaf blades 100-500 x 2-7 mm. Flowers: in a complex; leafy; false panicle; inflorescence branches each subtended by a smooth; ivory-like bead or cupule enclosing female spikelets; male spikelets on a tassel exserted from bead; spikelets 7-10 mm long; unisexual.
Coarse annual; culms 1–3 m. high.. Leaf-blades linear-lanceolate, 10–45 cm. long, 2–7 cm. wide, cordate at the base.. Cupule 5–15 mm. long, typically globose-ovoid, bony, shining, white or bluish.. Male raceme 3–5 cm. long, the spikelets 7–8 mm. long.. Fig. 205.
Annual, up 1.2 m high. Leaf blades 100-500 mm long, 2-7 mm wide. Spikelets 7-10 mm long (unisexual). Inflorescence involucre hard, whitish and beadlike.
“job’s Tears”
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination anemogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.15
Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 1.2
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

A tropical and subtropical plant. It grows wild and semi-cultivated in many areas of Papua New Guinea. It is well suited to grow in swampy places. It grows in wetlands. It grows up to 2000 m altitude in the tropics. It needs a temperature above 13-16°C. It suits hardiness zones 9-11. In Yunnan.
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Wet places in grassland in the foothills of the Himalayas. Open sunny places; at elevations up to 2,000 metres in Nepal.
Wet places in grassland in the foothills of the Himalayas. Open sunny places; at elevations up to 2,000 metres in Nepal.
Stream banks and moist places.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 1-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-10

Usage

The seeds are eaten raw. They can be cooked like rice. The seeds can be crushed to produce a cereal flour. This is best mixed with wheat flour to make a lighter but tasty flour. The seeds are used in soups, porridges, drinks or pastries. It is used for brewing beer. The parched seeds are used for a tea-like drink.
Uses animal food environmental use fodder food gene source invertebrate food material medicinal social use tea
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use Common cold (fruit), Diarrhea (fruit), Parasympatholytics (aerial part), Fatigue (fruit), Inflammation (fruit), Stomatitis, aphthous (fruit), Urinary bladder diseases (fruit), Diabetes mellitus (leaf), Antiemetics (root), Dysuria (root), Eye diseases (root), Menorrhagia (root), Menstruation disturbances (root), Obesity (root), Urination disorders (root), Pediatric Aid (seed), Toothache (seed), Unspecified (seed), Analgesics (seed), Antineoplastic agents (seed), Antirheumatic agents (seed), Appetite stimulants (seed), Cardiovascular system (seed), Cathartics (seed), Diabetes mellitus (seed), Diuretics (seed), Dysentery (seed), Gout (seed), Hematologic diseases (seed), Immunomodulation (seed), Menorrhagia (seed), Neoplasms (seed), Parasympatholytics (seed), Pectoralis muscles (seed), Pneumonia (seed), General tonic for rejuvenation (seed), Stomach ulcer (seed), Wounds and injuries (seed), Anti-infective agents (seedling), Abscess (unspecified), Headache (unspecified), Anodyne (unspecified), Anthrax (unspecified), Antiphlogistic (unspecified), Appendicitis (unspecified), Arthritis (unspecified), Bladder (unspecified), Bronchitis (unspecified), Cancer (unspecified), Cancer(Lung) (unspecified), Cancer(Stomach) (unspecified), Catarrh (unspecified), Cathartic (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Diabetes (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Dysuria (unspecified), Edema (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Goiter (unspecified), Halitosis (unspecified), Hydrothorax (unspecified), Intoxicant (unspecified), Liqueur (unspecified), Litholytic (unspecified), Lung (unspecified), Medicine (unspecified), Newborn (unspecified), Pectoral (unspecified), Puerperium (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Smallpox (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified), Stomach (unspecified), Tenesmus (unspecified), Thirst (unspecified), Urogenital (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Demulcent (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Pleurisy (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Beri-Beri (unspecified), Blood (unspecified), Cancer(Cervix) (unspecified), Cancer(Intestine) (unspecified), Phthisis (unspecified), Pneumonia (unspecified), Refrigerant (unspecified), Wart (unspecified), Antineoplastic agents (unspecified), Diuretics (unspecified), Laxatives (unspecified), Menstruation disturbances (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown by seed. It grows wild in many swampy places. Seed are sown 5 cm deep. Plants are spaced at 40-60 cm.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 7 - 14
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Coix lacryma-jobi habit picture by Sarami (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Coix lacryma-jobi leaf picture by Maria SANNA (cc-by-sa)
Coix lacryma-jobi leaf picture by christiane Fazer (cc-by-sa)
Coix lacryma-jobi leaf picture by Alexandra Ambler (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Coix lacryma-jobi flower picture by Dan Wilson (cc-by-sa)
Coix lacryma-jobi flower picture by Sarami (cc-by-sa)
Coix lacryma-jobi flower picture by Augustin Soulard (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Coix lacryma-jobi fruit picture by Bill Beisch (cc-by-sa)
Coix lacryma-jobi fruit picture by d higdon (cc-by-sa)
Coix lacryma-jobi fruit picture by Judicael Jeranaud (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Coix lacryma-jobi world distribution map, present in Angola, Andorra, Austria, Benin, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Congo, Cook Islands, Comoros, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Algeria, Ecuador, Egypt, Spain, Ethiopia, Fiji, France, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Greece, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Indonesia, Iraq, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Liberia, Moldova (Republic of), Madagascar, Mali, Myanmar, Mauritius, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Nepal, Pakistan, Panama, Pitcairn, Peru, Philippines, Palau, Puerto Rico, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Paraguay, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Solomon Islands, Sierra Leone, Suriname, Seychelles, Togo, Thailand, Tonga, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Vanuatu, Samoa, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396529-1
WFO ID wfo-0000860428
COL ID WWPQ
BDTFX ID 18512
INPN ID 92114
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Coix agrestis Coix exaltata Lithagrostis lacryma-jobi Coix ovata Coix pendula Coix lacryma Coix stigmatosa Coix lacryma-jobi var. maxima Coix lacryma-jobi var. novoguineensis Sphaerium lacryma Coix agrestis var. maxima Coix gigantea Coix lacryma-jobi

Lower taxons

Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen Coix lacryma-jobi var. puellarum Coix lacryma-jobi var. stenocarpa Coix lacryma-jobi var. lacryma-jobi