Coptosperma supra-axillare (Hemsl.) Degreef

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Coptosperma

Characteristics

Frutex praeter flores undique glaber, ramis florigeris gracilibus, internodiis quam foliis brevioribus. Folia siccitate nigrescentia, graciliter petiolata, subcoriacea, lanceolata, cum petiolo 5-9 cm. longa, obtusiuscula, basi cuneata, venis immersis inconspicuis. Cymae supra-axillares, parvae, 1-2 cm. diametro, pedunculatae pedunculis gracillimis 1-1.5 cm. longis; pedicelli floribus breviores; bracteae et bracteolae minimae, albo-puberulae. Flores pentameri, bene evoluti non visi; alabastra circiter 5 mm. longa. Calycis lobi breves, fere orbiculares, contorti, praecipue ad margines intusque albo-farinosi. Corolla extus puberula; lobi contorti, ovato-oblongi, rotundati, emarginati. Ovarium 2-loculare, loculis uniovulatis. Stylus clavatus.
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Leaf blades blue-black or less often yellow-green when dry, 3–12.3 × 0.7–4.2 cm, very narrowly elliptic to elliptic, acute to subacuminate at apex, cuneate at base, coriaceous, shiny above; lateral nerves in 10–13 rather indistinct main pairs; tertiary nerves raised above, scarcely raised beneath; domatia absent; petiole 0.3–1.1 cm long; stipules turning black when dry, narrowly ovate to ovate or sometimes triangular, 2–5 mm long, eventually caducous, sometimes with resinous deposits.
Inflorescences axillary in upper nodes of lateral branches, or occasionally terminal on them, trichotomous; peduncle 0.7–2 cm long; primary inflorescence branches 2–5 mm long; bracts opposite with 2 scale-like and 2 triangular lobes; bracteoles ± cupular, somewhat irregularly lobed, ciliate, always surrounding the base of the calyx tube.
Small tree or shrub, 1.5-6.7 m high. Very young branches usually with pale grey to fawn bark. Leaf blades very narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic, 7-19(-31) mm wide. Inflorescence axillary, trichoto-mously branched; bracteoles cupular, surrounding base of calyx tube. Flowers whitish.
A shrub or small tree. It can grow to 7 m tall. The leaves are simple and opposite. They are narrowly oval. They are 10 cm long and shiny green. The flowers are in heads in the axils of leaves. They are creamy white. The fruit are round and black when ripe.
Corolla whitish; tube 2.5–5 mm long, ± cylindrical to narrowly funnel-shaped, glabrous outside, sparsely to densely pubescent at throat; lobes 2–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm, ± oblong, rounded or sometimes emarginate, minutely puberulous above and beneath.
Calyx glabrous to minutely puberulous; tube 0.75–1.25 mm long; limb 0.75–1 mm long, divided to ± halfway or to near base into ovate lobes, rounded or sometimes slightly emarginate, ciliate.
Shrub or small tree, 1–6.7 m tall, glabrous; very young branches ± terete, covered with reddish-brown or light grey to fawn bark, becoming grey when older, scarcely flaking.
Fruit black when dry, globose, 4–5 mm in diameter, 1-seeded; calyx limb persistent; pedicels somewhat accrescent, reaching 7 mm long.
Seed dark brown, 2–3 mm in diameter, finely reticulate; hilar cavity irregular; endosperm ruminate towards base.
Placenta usually equalling the ovule or sometimes much smaller, bearing one ovule impressed to one side.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.5 - 6.7
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in mixed forest and woodland between 20-900 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fruit are eaten as a snack.
Uses material
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Coptosperma supra-axillare world distribution map, present in Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Coptosperma supra-axillare threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20009946-1
WFO ID wfo-0000336099
COL ID 5ZXX4
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 807261
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Pavetta supra-axillaris Stylocoryna barbertonensis Coptosperma supra-axillare Tarenna supra-axillaris Tarenna supra-axillaris subsp. barbertonensis Tarenna barbetonensis