Cornus officinalis Siebold & Zucc.

Asiatic dogwood (en), Cornouiller officinal (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Cornales > Cornaceae > Cornus

Characteristics

Trees or shrubs, 4–10 m tall; axis sympodial. Bark grayish brown; winter leaf buds terminal or axillary, solitary or associated with flower buds; flower buds terminal, pubescent with yellowish brown short trichomes. Leaf blade abaxially light green, ovate-lanceolate or ovate-elliptic, 5.5–10 × 2.5–4.5 cm, abaxially sparsely pubescent with short appressed trichomes, axils of lateral veins with dense light brown long soft trichomes, veins 6 or 7. Umbellate inflorescences terminal; bracts ovate, 5–8 mm, papery to leathery, pubescent; peduncle ca. 2 mm, thick, pubescent. Pedicels 0.5–1 cm, slender, densely pubescent with soft trichomes. Calyx teeth broadly triangular, ca. 0.6 mm. Petals reflexed, ligulate-lanceolate, 2.5–3.3 × 1–1.3 mm. Stamens ca. 1.8 mm; anthers ellipsoid. Ovary obovoid, ca. 1 mm, densely pubescent; style ca. 1.5 mm. Fruit red or purplish red, narrowly ellipsoid, 1.2–1.8 × 0.5–0.7 cm; stones narrowly ellipsoid, ca. 1.2 cm, with a few unequal ribs. Fl. Mar–Apr, fr. Sep–Oct.
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A deciduous shrub or tree. It grows 4-10 m high and spreads 4-6 m wide. The bark is flaky brown. The leaves are narrowly oval and 12 cm long. The flowers are yellow. The fruit are bright red when fully ripe. They are 1-1.5 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 4.0 - 7.0
Mature height (meter) 4.0 - 10.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.8
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows on mountains, slopes, forest margins, forests between 400-1500 (-2100) m in China. It can tolerate frost. It can grow in alkaline soils as well as clay soils. In can grow in sun or light shade. It suits hardiness zones 6-8.
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Forests, forest margins and mountain slopes; at elevations from 400-1,500 metres, occasionally to 2,100 metres.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

The fruit are eaten fresh when fully ripe. Fruit can be dried for later use. They are also used for making a liqueur like drink.
Uses environmental use medicinal poison
Edible fruits seeds
Therapeutic use Allergy (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Bactericide (unspecified), Cancer (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Emission (unspecified), Hepatitis (unspecified), Impotency (unspecified), Litholytic (unspecified), Lumbago (unspecified), Malaria (unspecified), Menorrhagia (unspecified), Night-Sweat (unspecified), Nutrient (unspecified), Spermatorrhea (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Vertigo (unspecified), Urogenital (unspecified), Hemostatic (unspecified), Hypertension (unspecified), Polyuria (unspecified), Regeneration (unspecified), Tinnitus (unspecified), Vitality (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed. It can also be grown from cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 90 - 730
Germination temperacture (C°) 10 - 15
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -29
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Fruit

Cornus officinalis fruit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cornus officinalis world distribution map, present in China, Japan, and Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:271629-1
WFO ID wfo-0000924789
COL ID YGLJ
BDTFX ID 164681
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Cornus officinalis Cornus officinalis var. koreana Macrocarpium officinale