Cortaderia jubata (lemoine ex Carrière) Stapf

Purple pampas grass (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Cortaderia

Characteristics

Very tall, stout, tussock with dark green, sharp, drooping leaves, and inflorescence initially violet but drying dirty brown. Leaf-sheath thin, rolling up and eventually fracturing into short segments; abaxially with scattered long hairs, adaxially with short soft hairs below ligule. Ligule to 4 mm. Collar white, sparsely prickle-toothed. Leaf-blade to 2 m × 2 cm, surfaces homochromous, arching and pendent from sheath, abaxially sparsely long hairy, adaxially with weft of short hairs on nerve at base, minute prickle-teeth throughout; margins long (2 mm) hairy below becoming scabrid from rows of prickles. Culm to 3.5 m; internodes finely scabrid. Inflorescence to 75 cm, plumose, dense, erect to drooping with flexible branches falling to one side, violet drying dirty dull brown; rachis finely scabrid, branches and pedicels violet and abundantly finely short stiff hairy, pedicels lacking long hairs below spikelets. Spikelets 20 mm, of up to 7 florets. Glumes unequal, to 10-13 mm, > florets, scabrid, produced into awn-like process, nerve becoming violet. Lemma to 12 mm, scabrid, drawn out into long awn-like process, nerves 3, violet; hairs to 10 mm, radiating from upper lemma; central awn a mucro to 0.3 mm, from between bifid lemma apex. Palea to 4 mm, attenuated, apex hair-tipped, violet, keels ciliate, interkeel and flanks scabrid. Callus to 1 mm, curved, hairs to 2 mm. Rachilla to 1.5 mm. Lodicules to 0.5 mm, lobed or simple, ciliate, nerved. Androecium of 3 staminodes to 0.15 mm on filaments to 0.8 mm. Gynoecium: ovary to 1.5 mm; stigma-styles to 2 mm. Caryopsis to 2.5 mm; embryo to 1 mm; hilum linear to 1 mm. 2n= 108.
More
Robust, densely tufted perennial to 3000 mm high; leaves mostly basal, to 1/2 the height of the culm. Leaf blade 1000-1500 x 9-12 mm, apex not setaceous, bright green, with cutting margins and midrib, flat or only slightly V-shaped in cross section. Inflorescence 600-800 mm long, extending well above the leaves, yellowish or purple, branches flexuous. Spikelet female only, florets (1-2)3-5, rachilla purple; glumes approximately equal, 9-13 mm long, 1-nerved, nerves purple; lemma 8-11(15) mm long, 3-nerved, nerves purple, densely hairy, hairs 7-9 mm long; palea glabrous, 3-5 mm long; anther minute, less than 0.25 mm long. Reproduces by agamospermy.
Only female plants known. Culms 4.5 m high; internodes hollow. Leaves: sheath not waxy; blade 1.5 m long, 5–20 mm wide, drooping, flat, with a distinct keel at least on lower leaves, without distinct secondary veins, bright green. Inflorescences well exserted beyond leaves, open, with 500–1000 spikelets, pink to purplish, drying grey. Female spikelets 12–15 mm long, with 3–5 florets; glumes substantially exceeding florets, similar, grey to white; lower glume 10–12 mm long; lemma 11–15 mm long, entire, villous, awnless, with nerves initially pink to purple and all reaching apex; palea linear to lorate, 4–5 mm long, glabrous between keels.
Perennial, tufted (densely), up to 3 m high. Leaf blades 1000-1500 mm long, 9-12 mm wide, leaves robust, mostly basal, up to half the height of culm, bright green, with cutting margins and midrib, flat or only slightly V-shaped in cross section, tips not setaceous. Panicle 600-800 mm long; with (1 or 2)3-5 florets per spikelet, all florets female only; glumes approximately equal, 9-13 mm long; glume veins, rhachises and rhachillas purple; lemmas 8-11(15) mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.0 - 3.75
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-11

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 14 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 15 - 23
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Cortaderia jubata unspecified picture

Distribution

Cortaderia jubata world distribution map, present in Australia, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Ecuador, New Zealand, Peru, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:66302-2
WFO ID wfo-0000860590
COL ID YHTW
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cortaderia jubata Gynerium jubatum Gynerium neesii Gynerium pygmaeum Cortaderia selloana subsp. jubata