Crassocephalum crepidioides S.Moore

Redflower ragleaf (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Crassocephalum

Characteristics

Annual herb 25–120(–150) cm tall, rarely a short-lived perennial; stems erect, green, often flecked with dull purplish-red, pubescent.. Leaves sessile, obovate, broadly elliptic, rhombic or ovate, unlobed or pinnato-lyrately 2–8-lobed, 5–26 cm long, 2–10 cm wide, cuneate or attenuate and slightly decurrent onto an exauriculate petioloid base, margins usually coarsely and sometimes irregularly sinuate-serrate or sinuate-serrato-bidentate, apex obtuse to acute, pilose-setulose, sometimes with purplish margins or purplish-tinged beneath especially on main veins.. Capitula few to numerous in dense to fairly lax terminal corymbs, discoid, drooping in bud and at anthesis, becoming erect in flower and fruit; stalks of the individual capitula pubescent; involucre cylindrical or ± so above a somewhat bulging base, 9–13.5 mm long, 3–5 mm in diameter; bracts of calyculus 6–21, purplish or blackish with darker tips, 2–6 mm long, scattered-pubescent or at least ciliate; phyllaries 13–21, usually 21 or less frequently 13, yellow-green or green with purplish or blackish tips, 8–12.5 mm long, scattered-setulose, or rarely glabrous.. Ray florets 0; disc florets many, with orange-red or brick-red, rarely yellow corolla-lobes and red style-arms, tube often yellow, corolla 7–12 mm long, glabrous, slender, gradually expanded in upper third, lobes 0.5–1 mm long.. Achenes 1.8–2.7 mm long, ribbed, shortly hairy between the ribs; pappus 7–13 mm long.
More
Annual herb to c. 1.2 m high. Hairs moderately dense on most parts except leaves. Leaves to 20 cm long, with l: w ratio mostly c. 2–3, undivided or lobate to pinnatisect in proximal half; base petiole-like or sub-basal segments present; margins irregularly serrate. Inflorescence of few–several discoid capitula (capitula nodding at anthesis); mature peduncle to c. 40 mm long; calycular bracteoles 8–12, narrowly linear, 2–5 mm long; involucre 8–12 mm long, 3–5 mm diam.; bracts commonly c. 16, sparsely pubescent, becoming glabrous; stereome ±flat, with 1 or 2 inconspicuous resin ducts, with coarse hairs or glabrous; mature receptacle with pits strongly elevated. Florets numerous; corolla c. 10 mm long, exceeding involucral bracts by 2–3 mm, c. 0.2 mm diam. at base; limb c. 2/5 of total length, very narrowly obconical, orange to reddish brown (drying pink); style appendage purple. Achenes obloid-ellipsoid, 2.0–2.3 mm long, with c. 10 narrow convex ribs, purple, with scattered hairs in grooves. Pappus 8–14 mm long; bristles minutely and sparsely scabrid-barbellate.
Plants erect, 20-120 cm tall. Stems striate, glabrous. Leaf petiole 2-2.5 cm; blade elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 7-12 × 4-5 cm, membranous, both surfaces glabrous or subglabrous, base cuneate, margin irregularly serrate or double-serrate, sometimes pinnately lobed at base, apex acuminate. Capitula several to numerous in terminal corymbiform cymes, shortly pedunculate, 3-5 mm in diam. Involucres cylindric, 1-1.2 cm, basally truncate, with few unequal linear bracteoles; bracts of calyculus 6-21, 2-6 mm; phyllaries uniseriate, linear-lanceolate, equal, ca. 1.5 mm wide, margin narrowly scarious, apically puberulent. Florets tubular, bisexual; corolla red-brownish or orange, rarely yellow, 8-10 mm; lobes 5, ca. 1 mm. Style branches acute, papillose. Achenes brownish, narrowly oblong, 1.8-2.3 mm, ribbed, hairy. Pappus 7-13 mm, early deciduous. Fl. Jul-Dec.
An erect, thinly hairy, branching annual herb up to 1.2 m tall. Leaves alternate, up to 25 x 15 cm, elliptic to ovate in outline, tapering into a petiole up to 4 cm long with or without a pair of stipule-like lobes at the base, upper leaves entire or with a single lobe on either side at the base, lower sometimes lyrate-pinnatifid, margins coarsely and sharply serrate. Heads about 1 cm long, pedunculate, few to many corymbosely arranged, nodding at first, later erect. Involucral bracts c. 16, a little shorter than the flowers, more or less hairy. Flowers whitish or buff, the lobes reddish. Achenes c. 2 mm long, narrowly cylindric, ribbed, white-hispid between the ribs. Pappus of copious white hairs much longer than the achene, deciduous.
Erect, ± hairy, branching, annual herb, up to 1.2 m high. Leaves up to 250 x 150 mm, elliptic to ovate in outline, tapered petioles up to 40 mm long with or without a pair of stipule-like lobes basally, upper leaves ± entire, lower leaves sometimes lyrate-pinnatifid, margins coarsely, sharply serrate. Capitula ± 10 mm long, pedunculate, few-many in a corymb, nodding, then erect; involucral bracts ± 16, ± hairy. Flowering time Sept.-May. Cypselae 2 mm long, narrowly cylindric, ribbed; pappus of many long white hairs, deciduous.
A herb. An upright, annual plant about 1 m tall. The stem is thick and soft. The leaves are alternate and 16-18 cm long. The leaves have lobes, and have teeth around the edge. Sometimes the young leaves have a purple edge. The leaves often droop. A flower is yellow and reddish, and develops at the top, bending over at first, then becoming upright. Fluffy seed heads develop after flowering. The fruit is dark brown, with long, silky hairs at the end. The seeds blow in the wind.
Annual erect herb, up to 1.2 m high. Leaves entire or with 1 or 2 lobes at base. Peduncles with several to many heads. Flowers whitish or buff, lobes reddish.
Bright brownish-red florets in heads 1/3-1/2 in. long
A stout erect herb up to about 3 ft. high
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.86 - 1.2
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. A common weed in Papua New Guinea from sea level to over 2500 m. It is more common in wet areas and in garden sites. It also grows in many other tropical countries. It prefers light shade. At ECHO. In Yunnan. In Sichuan.
More
Grows in predominantly disturbed and cultivated sites in various soils in woodland, forest and grassland.
A weed in abandoned farm land, waste places, plantations and backyard gardens.
A weed of farms and waste places.
Light 1-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The young leaves are eaten cooked as a vegetable. They have a sharp but not bitter taste. They are often eaten mixed with other foods. The leaves are blanched if used in salads. The flowers can be steamed and eaten. The leaves have a smell which does not disappear with cooking. The roots are eaten with chilli sauce or cooked in fish curry. They are also stir-fried. Caution: It contains some alkaloids that are possible toxic. It should possibly not be eaten by pregnant women.
Uses animal food fodder food material medicinal social use
Edible flowers leaves roots stems tubers
Therapeutic use Abdominal pain (leaf), Appetite stimulants (leaf), Constipation (leaf), Headache (leaf), Hemostasis (leaf), Hemostatics (leaf), Stomach diseases (leaf), Wounds and injuries (leaf), Headache (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Splenitis (unspecified), Cardiovascular system (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It grows from seed. It is self sown. Seedlings appear in about 9 days and can be transplanted when 8-12 cm high. A spacing of 25 cm by 25 cm is suitable. Plants are topped when 20 cm high to increase branching. To collect seed, the entire bundle is pulled from the receptacle with one hand, and the hairs removed with the other hand, without letting them mix with the seed.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Crassocephalum crepidioides habit picture by raghav goswami (cc-by-sa)
Crassocephalum crepidioides habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Crassocephalum crepidioides leaf picture by Gi Gillian (cc-by-sa)
Crassocephalum crepidioides leaf picture by Mumdi Pertin (cc-by-sa)
Crassocephalum crepidioides leaf picture by Nadia Williams (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Crassocephalum crepidioides flower picture by Tommy Duncan (cc-by-sa)
Crassocephalum crepidioides flower picture by em hans (cc-by-sa)
Crassocephalum crepidioides flower picture by Shannon the cannon (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Crassocephalum crepidioides world distribution map, present in Angola, Australia, Benin, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Central African Republic, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ethiopia, Fiji, Micronesia (Federated States of), Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Equatorial Guinea, Guam, Indonesia, India, Japan, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Liberia, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Malaysia, Nigeria, Niue, Nepal, Philippines, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Senegal, Singapore, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Sao Tome and Principe, eSwatini, Togo, Thailand, United States of America, Viet Nam, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199488-1
WFO ID wfo-0000133716
COL ID Z6W9
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 448222
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Senecio crepidioides Crassocephalum diversifolium Gynura crepidioides Gynura polycephala Gynura diversifolia Gynura microcephala Senecio diversifolius Crassocephalum crepidioides f. crepidioides Gynura crepidioides var. crepidioides Crassocephalum crepidioides var. crepidioides Crassocephalum crepidioides