Shrubs or trees, 30–120 dm. Stems: twigs: new growth ?reddish?, glabrous, 1-year old dark brown (in late summer); thorns on twigs 1-year old dark, ± shiny, older grayish, 2–4 cm. Leaves: ?stipules broadly circinate, margins glandular?; petiole ?3–8 mm?, length 10–16% blade, ?winged distally?; blade ?± dark green?, elliptic to oblanceolate or narrowly so, 3–5 cm (sometimes much larger on extension shoots, then sometimes few-lobed, sometimes deeply so, even almost tripartite), lobes 0, margins entire proximally, serrulate to crenate in distal 1/2, usually eglandular, teeth tips sometimes with black glands, veins 4 or 5 per side, apex acute to subobtuse, abaxial surface glabrous except for tufts of usually pale gray (sometimes ± rufous) hair in lateral vein axils, sometimes also along midvein, adaxial ± shiny, scabrous or glabrous. Inflorescences 2–4-flowered umbels; branches glabrous or sparsely long-pilose; bracteoles narrow, margins sessile-glandular. Flowers 12–30 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous; sepal margins ± entire, ?glabrous?; anthers pink; styles 4 or 5. Pomes red, sometimes yellow, 8–20 mm diam., ?shiny; flesh edible?; ?sepals obtuse?; pyrenes 4 or 5.
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A large shrub or small tree. The crown is rounded and compact. It grows 9 m high. The trunk is 15 cm across. The bark is grey with red-brown inner layers. It becomes cracked and scaly. The leaves are 2.5-5 cm long by 10-19 mm wide. They are narrowly oval. They have a short point at the tip. They narrow gradually to the base. There are coarse teeth above the middle. The leaves are shiny and dark green. They are yellow-green underneath with tufts of hairs near the veins. The flowers are 19 mm wide. They have 5 white petals. There are 15-20 pink stamens. The fruit are large, red and acid. They are 10 mm across. There are some named cultivated varieties.
It is a temperate plant. It grows on wet river banks and the edges of swamps. Trees can grow in exposed positions. They are tolerant to wind. They can tolerate pollution. They do best in full sun but can grow in shade. They need 250-500 hours of chilling. They do best in well drained sandy loams. They do best with pH of 6-7 but can tolerate acid and alkaline conditions. They can tolerate waterlogged conditions.
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Found on the outer coastal plain in seasonally flooded depressions, in floodplains or in uplands. It is commonly found in river swamps, pond areas, and along stream banks.
The fruit are eaten raw or used for tarts and preserves. They can be stewed, made into jams, marmalades and tarts. The fruit can be dried for later use. The seeds can be boiled or roasted and used as a coffee substitute.
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