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Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) Dc.

Smooth hawthorn (en), Aubépine épineuse (fr), Aubépine à deux styles (fr), Aubépine lisse (fr), Noble épine (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Crataegus

Characteristics

A deciduous tree. It grows 7.5-10 m tall. The trees are rounded and thorny. There are few thorns. The bark is grey and smooth. It cracks with age. The leaves are 5 cm long and across. They are oval. The leaves are glossy and mid green. They have shallow rounded lobes. The flowers are white or pink and occur in clusters. The fruit are round or oval and red. They are 2 cm long. Each fruit has 2 stones. The fruit are edible.
More
Is also rarely found as an escape. It has 2–3 styles and nutlets, and less deeply cut lvs; red-fld forms are common. (C. oxyacantha, misapplied)
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread endozoochory
Mature width (meter) 4.0 - 7.0
Mature height (meter) 6.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is native to Europe. It grows in woods and hedgerows. It can grow in a range of soil types and pH values. It can tolerate wet soils as well as drought. Temperate. It suits hardiness zones 5-9.
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Woods, hedges, thickets etc on clays and heavy loams, especially in eastern Britain. Where found in hedges it is often as a relict of ancient woodland.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 3-8
Soil texture 1-5
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-7

Usage

The fruit are eaten fresh and also used for jams.
Uses charcoal environmental use medicinal wood
Edible fruits leaves seeds shoots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed. The seed need cold treatment. Plants can also be grafted. Semi-ripe cuttings can be dipped in rooting hormone and planted.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 180 - 730
Germination temperacture (C°) 10 - 15
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment scarification
Minimum temperature (C°) -24
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Crataegus laevigata habit picture by Anita R (cc-by-sa)
Crataegus laevigata habit picture by peternschmitt (cc-by-sa)
Crataegus laevigata habit picture by yvon s (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Crataegus laevigata leaf picture by Philippe CABROL (cc-by-sa)
Crataegus laevigata leaf picture by Jacques Zuber (cc-by-sa)
Crataegus laevigata leaf picture by vadim_9 (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Crataegus laevigata flower picture by Hans Schmidt (cc-by-sa)
Crataegus laevigata flower picture by Gilbert Beyer (cc-by-sa)
Crataegus laevigata flower picture by Jean-Baptiste Nicolas (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Crataegus laevigata fruit picture by Radoslav Kiraľ (cc-by-sa)
Crataegus laevigata fruit picture by Guy-Axel Maler (cc-by-sa)
Crataegus laevigata fruit picture by manfred schartner (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Crataegus laevigata world distribution map, present in Brazil, Canada, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and United States of America

Conservation status

Crataegus laevigata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:723644-1
WFO ID wfo-0001009174
COL ID Z859
BDTFX ID 19443
INPN ID 92864
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Mespilus laevigata Oxyacantha vulgaris Crataegus cuneato-trifida Crataegus subinermis Crataegus x sorbifolia Oxyacantha obtusata Crataegus oxyacantha f. glabrata Crataegus oxyacantha f. auriculata Crataegus coriacea Crataegus palmstruchii Crataegus walokochiana Crataegus oxyacantha f. ellipticifolia Crataegus oxyacantha f. laevigata Crataegus oxyacantha f. vernicosa Crataegus laevigata Mespilus intermedia Mespilus oxyacanthoides Mespilus digyna Crataegus oxyacanthoides Crataegus laevigata subsp. laevigata Crataegus oxyacantha var. integrifolia Crataegus oxyacantha subsp. polygyna Crataegus oxyacantha var. laevigata Mespilus oxyacantha var. obovata Crataegus oxyacantha var. oxyacanthoides Crataegus oxyacantha var. oxyacanthoides Crataegus oxyacantha subsp. oxyacanthoides Crataegus laevigata var. integrifolia Crataegus oxyacantha var. vulgaris Crataegus laevigata var. vulgaris Crataegus laevigata subsp. vulgaris Crataegus oxyacantha var. eriocarpa Crataegus oxyacantha var. eriocarpa Crataegus oxyacantha var. auriculata Crataegus oxyacantha var. microcarpa Crataegus oxyacantha var. globosa Crataegus laevigata var. carnoviensis Crataegus laevigata subsp. carnoviensis Crataegus laevigata var. microphylla Crataegus laevigata subsp. walokochiana Crataegus oxyacantha subsp. carnoviensis Crataegus oxyacantha var. integrifolia Crataegus oxyacantha var. laevigata Crataegus oxyacantha var. mathei Crataegus oxyacantha var. microphylla Crataegus oxyacantha var. microxyacantha Crataegus oxyacantha var. obtusata Crataegus oxyacantha var. obtusiloba Crataegus oxyacantha var. ovoxyacantha Crataegus oxyacantha var. palmstruchii Crataegus oxyacantha subsp. vernicosa Crataegus palmstruchii subsp. rhenana Crataegus calycina var. walokochiana Mespilus oxyacantha var. integrifolia Mespilus oxyacantha var. obtusata Crataegus oxyacantha subsp. palmstruchii Crataegus laevigata subsp. palmstruchii
WorldFloraDB 2024