Crataegus sanguinea Pall.

Épine sanguine (fr), Aubépine sanguine (fr), Épine rouge (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Crataegus

Characteristics

Shrubs or rarely small trees, deciduous, 2–4 m tall, usually thorny; thorns ca. 1 cm, sometimes absent. Branchlets purplish brown when young, grayish brown when old, terete, sparsely pubescent when young, soon glabrous; buds purplish brown, triangular-ovoid, glabrous. Stipules falcate or irregularly cordate, 5–7 mm, herbaceous, glabrous, margin serrate, apex acute; petiole 1.5–2 cm, subglabrous; leaf blade broadly ovate or rhombic-ovate, 5–6 × 3.5–4.5 cm, abaxially sparsely pubescent along veins, adaxially pubescent, base cuneate, margin doubly serrate, with (2 or)3–5 pairs of shallow lobes, apex acute. Corymb 2–3 cm in diam., many flowered; peduncle glabrous, subglabrous; bracts caducous, linear, membranous. Pedicel 5–6 mm, glabrous or subglabrous. Flowers ca. 8 mm in diam. Hypanthium campanulate, glabrous. Sepals triangular-ovate, ca. 4 mm, abaxially sparsely pubescent. Petals white, oblong, 5–6 mm. Stamens 20. Ovary pubescent apically, 3–5-loculed, with 2 ovules per locule; styles 3(–5). Pome red, subglobose, ca. 1 cm in diam., glabrous; sepals persistent, reflexed; pyrenes 3, rarely 5, with concave scars on both inner sides. Fl. May–Jun, fr. Jul–Aug. 2n = 51*, 68*.
More
A thorny shrub. It grows 1-4 m tall. The trunk is 10 cm across. The branches are purple-brown and shiny. It has thorn up to 3 cm long and these are straight, red and thick. The leaves are slightly dull and have a few hairs. They are 7-9 lobes. The leaves are 3-7 cm long by 2-5 cm wide. They are wedge shaped at the base and have teeth around the edges. The flowers are in groups on short spurs. The fruit are round and 8-10 mm across. They are orange or red. There are 3-4 seeds. The fruit are edible.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.1
Mature height (meter) 4.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Temperate. In Kazakhstan it grows in forest and on steppes. In northern China it grows in forests by rivers between 900-3,000 m above sea level.
More
Open forests, forest edges, river banks etc. Slopes, mixed river side forests; at elevations from 900-3,000 metres.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-8
Soil texture 1-5
Soil acidity 3-9
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-6

Usage

Uses drug food medicinal tea wood
Edible flowers fruits leaves seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed. The seed need cold treatment. Plants can also be grafted.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 180 - 730
Germination temperacture (C°) 10 - 15
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment scarification
Minimum temperature (C°) -33
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Crataegus sanguinea unspecified picture

Distribution

Crataegus sanguinea world distribution map, present in Austria, Belarus, China, Estonia, Finland, France, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Liberia, Mongolia, Norway, and Russian Federation

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:724193-1
WFO ID wfo-0001016150
COL ID 6BB7Z
BDTFX ID 19545
INPN ID 92903
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Mespilus purpurea Crataegus sanguinea Mespilus sanguinea Anthomeles sanguinea Crataegus sanguinea var. typica Crataegus sanguinea var. sanguinea

Lower taxons

Crataegus sanguinea var. chlorocarpa