Crataegus viridis L.

Green hawthorn (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Crataegus

Characteristics

Shrubs or trees, 80–150 dm. Stems: mature trunk bark checked dark gray or black, rough or whitish to light gray, thin-exfoliating; twigs: new growth often reddish, glabrous, 1-year old gray to red-brown, older gray, smooth; thorns on twigs few to abundant, 2-years old blackish, 3–4 cm. Leaves: petiole 0.7–2.5 cm, length 33–40% blade, adaxially glabrous or pubescent, eglandular; blade narrowly elliptic to suborbiculate, narrowly rhombic to oblong and ovate, oblanceolate, 2–6(–7) cm, thin (except in vars. glabriuscula and nitens), base cuneate to rounded, lobes 0 or 1–3 per side, margins serrate (teeth 0–2 mm) to obscurely crenate-serrate in distal 1/2 only, venation craspedodromous, sometimes semicamptodromous, veins 3–5(–7) per side, apex ± acute to obtuse, surfaces usually glabrous, except with tufts of hair in abaxial vein axils. Inflorescences (3–)10(–50)-flowered; branches usually glabrous, sometimes densely hairy young; ?bracteoles ± eglandular, except somewhat glandular in var. glabriuscula?. Flowers (10–)13–15(–18) mm diam.; hypanthium usually glabrous (hairy in C. viridis var. velutina); sepal margins ± entire; anthers cream or ivory. Pomes orange to deep red, rarely yellow, not pruinose, orbicular, 5–8 mm diam.; sepals recurved. 2n = 34, 51.
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Tree to 12 m; thorns few or none; lvs variable and often asymmetric, thin, yellowish-green, dull, glabrous except for tufts or lines of persistent tomentum along the veins beneath, the floral ones obovate to rhombic, elliptic, oblong-ovate, or lanceolate, commonly toothed to near the base and not evidently lobed, 2.5–6 × 1.5–3 cm, the vegetative ones more often ovate to suborbicular and usually lobed at least toward the base; fls 1.2–1.5 cm wide, in glabrous compound cymes; sep lanceolate, entire, usually eventually deciduous; fr red to orange-red or rarely yellow, 5–8 mm thick; nutlets 3–5. Del. to Fla. and Tex., and n. in the Mississippi Valley to sw. Ind., Mo., se. Kans., and Okla.
A small tree. The fruit are 6 mm-30 mm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 4.0 - 6.0
Mature height (meter) 8.0 - 9.1
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Streamsides and moist, fertile, alluvial woodlands or agricultural derivatives of these; at elevations from 10-200 metres.
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It is a temperate plant.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 4-8
Soil texture 1-4
Soil acidity 2-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

The mature fruit are cooked, mashed and sweetened to make butter.
Uses material medicinal wood
Edible fruits seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs scarification.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 180 - 730
Germination temperacture (C°) 10 - 15
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment scarification
Minimum temperature (C°) -30
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Crataegus viridis unspecified picture

Distribution

Crataegus viridis world distribution map, present in United States of America

Conservation status

Crataegus viridis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:724481-1
WFO ID wfo-0001010644
COL ID Z8KD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Crataegus furcata Crataegus pechiana Crataegus paludosa Crataegus arborescens Crataegus apiifolia Crataegus amicalis Crataegus enucleata Crataegus ingens Crataegus velutina Phaenopyrum arborescens Crataegus penita Crataegus viridis Crataegus vulsa Crataegus abbreviata Crataegus micrantha Crataegus viridis var. viridis Crataegus viridis var. interior Crataegus viridis var. lutescens Crataegus viridis f. viridis

Lower taxons

Crataegus viridis var. desertorum Crataegus viridis var. lanceolata Crataegus viridis var. velutina Crataegus viridis var. ovata