Cussonia arenicola Strey

Species

Angiosperms > Apiales > Araliaceae > Cussonia

Characteristics

Single-stemmed shrubs, 1-2 m high; stems 1-2 cm thick, arising singly from a globose, ovoid or turbinate tuber; basal tubers up to 14 cm broad and up to 25 cm long often several spaced along a single root; bark smooth greenish or grey. Leaves glabrous or with scattered scale-like papillae at the articulations, twice compound, first division digitate, bearing vertebrate leaflets; petiole ribbed, terete, up to 25 cm long, 2-4 mm thick; stipules intrapetiolar, joined at the base, adnate to the base of the petiole, lobes 2-3 mm long; limb of the leaf sub-circular in outline, about 20 cm in diam.; leaflets 4-7(12) per leaf, 6-18 cm long, chartaceous, dark green above, dull green beneath, margin revolute, serrate, 1-3 times vertebrate, petiolules about 1(2) cm long, usually narrowly winged, rhachilla wings obtriangular to obhastate; pinnules up to 9 cm long and 2-4 cm wide, sessile, 1-5, obovate-oblanceolate, or trullate, base cuneate, rounded, acute or apiculate. Inflorescence a terminal umbel consisting of (5)8-15(23) pedunculate, dense, cylindrical racemes arranged on the often distinctly swollen, bracteate, apex of the stems; peduncles of the racemes 3-18 cm long, (1)-2-4 mm thick; bracts subtending the peduncles binate, up to 1 cm long; racemes 3-9 cm long, 8-14 mm broad. Pedicels 1-2 mm long; bracts subtending flowers subulate, 2 mm long. Flowers loosely spirally arranged, white to greenish cream. Calyx reduced to a 4-toothed rim. Petals broadly ovate, caducous. Stamens about as long as the petals, caducous; anthers ovoid, introrse, versatile. Ovary inferior, 2-loculed; disc conical; style about 1 mm long, stigmas 2, divergent. Fruit 2(1) seeded, barrelshaped, about 4 x 4 mm, exocarp mauve and fleshy when ripe, calyx rim and styles persistent. Seed globose to subglobose, about 3 mm long; raphe with ovate areole; endosperm ruminate.
More
Perennial, multi-stemmed, sparsely branched shrub or small tree, 1-3 m high. Root tuber. Bark greenish, grey, smooth. Leaves bi-digitate, 4-7 leaflets, mostly divided into 2 parts, leaflets 60-200 mm long, pinnules obovate-oblanceolate, up to 90 x 20-50 mm, lower surface dull green, upper dark green, base tapering, apex tapering to round, margins serrated, revolute; petioles up to 300 mm long, ribbed; petiolules of primary leaflets 10-25 mm long, winged. Flowers in panicle of umbels, panicles dense cylindrical; only one lateral branch developing each time; small, greenish cream-coloured, short stalks 1-3 mm long. Flowering time Oct.-Jan. Fruit barrel-shaped, 4 x 4 mm, fleshy, dark purple (Dec., Jan.).
Leaflets 4–7(12), 6–18 cm. long, slightly coriaceous, broadly elliptic to oblanceolate; apex acute to rounded and sometimes emarginate; decurrent deltate wings present as in C. spicata.
Inflorescence a group of (5)8–15(23) dense spike-like racemes, with peduncles 3–18 cm. long and with basal bracts up to 1 cm. long.
Shrubs of 1–2 m. tall with a single trunk rising from tubers spaced at intervals along a root or rhizome.
Fruit broadly ovoid, 4 × 4 mm., glabrous; axis and pedicels elongating little, if at all, at maturity.
Stylopodium depressed-conical compared to that of C. zuluensis (8) and less conspicuous in fruit.
Leaves digitately compound, glabrous, generally similar to those of C. spicata.
Flowers with pedicels 0–2(4) mm. long, floral bracts c. 2 mm. long.
Margins entire to undulate to slightly and irregularly serrate.
Calyx forming a fairly prominent cup.
Petiole up to 25 cm. long, glabrous.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality -
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 2.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Cussonia arenicola world distribution map, present in Mozambique and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:90139-1
WFO ID wfo-0000933616
COL ID 32MHD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cussonia arenicola