Cussonia Thunb.

Genus

Angiosperms > Apiales > Araliaceae

Characteristics

Trees or shrubs, generally glabrous, rarely tomentose. Leaves petiolate, simple and palmately lobed or digitately compound, often crowded, borne towards the ends of the stem or main branches; leaflets with entire to crenate margins or pinnatifid, rarely irregularly lobed. Stipules often intrapetiolar, connate with the petiole for some distance with an often once-cleft free portion. Inflorescences of spikes, racemes, umbels or panicles of umbellules; bracts subtending flowers (floral bracts) scale-like or obsolete; pedicels not articulated beneath the flower. Flowers greenish, 4–8 mm. in diameter. Calyx-margin repando-(4–)5-dentate or subentire. Petals (4–)5. Stamens (4–)5; anthers ovate. Disk flat, depressed or conical. Ovary bilocular, very rarely with 1–2 supernumerary carpels; styles 2, very rarely 3–4, connivent at base. Fruit laterally compressed or subglobose, often urceolate or subobconical to wedge-shaped (in C. spicata); exocarp fleshy or submembranaceous. Seeds ovoid-globose or laterally compressed; endosperm ruminate.
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Styles 2 (3–4 have been rarely reported), connivent for most of their length and often with very short divergent stigmatic surfaces at their apex.
Leaves conspicuously petiolate, simple and palmate to digitately compound, often grouped in an “umbrella ” arrangement at the ends of branches.
Fruit subglobose, urceolate, obovoid or even obconical to wedge-shaped (owing to congestion in densely packed spikes), sometimes fleshy.
Trees, shrubs (rarely suffrutices), glabrous to puberulous (more rarely densely pubescent, especially in immature states).
Disk flat, depressed or sometimes fused with the styles to form a well-developed conical Stylopodium.
Leaflets very variable in shape and marginal definition; apices often long-acuminate.
Calyx forming a shallow cup, sometimes with a 4–5-dentate margin.
Seed ovoid or somewhat compressed; endosperm ruminate.
Flowers 4–8 mm. in diameter with (4)5 greenish petals.
Ovary 2-locular (rarely with supernumerary carpels).
Inflorescence usually spicate but may be racemose.
Stipules often quite conspicuous.
Floral bracts small or obsolete.
Stamens (4)5.
Life form perennial
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Foliage retention evergreen
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

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Cultivation

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