Cycnium adonense E.Mey. ex Benth.

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Orobanchaceae > Cycnium

Characteristics

Perennial herb, low, densely caespitose, woody at the root-stock, turning livid-blueish, at length dusky when dry; stems numerous, prostrate, ascending, purplish when fresh, pubescent, leafy, 1/2-2 ft. long; leaves herbaceous-green when fresh, opposite, spreading or secund-erect, oval or elliptical, more or less acutely narrowed or obtuse at both ends, subsessile or very shortly petiolate, serrate-or incise-dentate, hispid-scabrid on both faces, sub-5-nerved at the base, 1-3 in. long, 1/3-1 1/6 in. broad; flowers axillary, 2 3/4-4 in. long, at first white or pink, soon turning clear blue or purple, then livid violet, at length when dry dusky; peduncles pubescent or hispidulous, 1/4-1/2 in. long; bracteoles 2, opposite, sublinear, adnate to the base of the calyx, 2/5-3/5 in. long, hispidulous-scabrid; calyx campanulate-oblong, loose, 10-nerved, shortly pubescent chiefly along the nerves and margins, 1-1 3/4 in. long, 5-lobed; lobes ovate, oblong or semi-elliptical, obtuse or scarcely acute, unequal, 1/5-1/2 in. long; corolla-tube slender, cylindrical, funnel-shaped at the apex, shaggy with glandular hairs outside, pubescent within, straight or not much curved, furrowed near the top, 2 1/2-3 1/2 in. long, about 1/6 in. in diam. about the middle; limb spreading, 1 1/2-3 in. in diam.; lobes 5, broadly ovate, 3/4-1 3/8 in. long, the two upper connate higher up than the others; throat and filaments yellow; stamens inserted below or about the middle of the corolla-tube; filaments bearded or puberulous; anthers obtuse at the base, glabrous; pistil about 7/8 in. long, glabrous; ovary 1/5 in. long, suborbicular; style straight; stigma lanceolate, 3/8 in. long; capsule oval or ovoid, obtuse, apiculate with the remains of the style, obsoletely puberulous, about 1/2 in. long.
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Perennial herb with woody tuber; stems 5-35 cm long, prostrate, decumbent or erect; stems, leaves and calyx hispid, scabrous or pilose, at times additionally stipitate-glandular. Leaves up to 8(12) cm long, oblanceolate, lanceolate, elliptic, oblong or ovate, apex acute or obtuse, cuneate at base, variously toothed. Flowers solitary or in racemes. Pedicels 2-30(50) mm long, axillary or supra-axillary. Bracteoles (1)2-15 mm long, subulate, filiform, linear or lanceolate, inserted on pedicel close to calyx or sometimes adnate to base of calyx tube. Calyx 8-75 mm long, short-or long-tubular, rarely campanulate in flower, campanulate to urceolate in fruit; tube 5-60 mm long, 3-13 mm broad, ribbed, at times subplicate between ribs; lobes 5, equal or unequal, 3-15 mm long, narrowly triangular, ovate or lanceolate. Corolla white or pink; tube 30-95 mm long, straight, occasionally slightly gibbous above middle, glandular without; limb 25-70(90) mm in diam. Filaments of shorter stamens 3-13 mm long, of the longer 6-17 mm long. Anthers 4-7 mm long. Ovary 2-5 mm long, ovoid, somewhat compressed. Style 6-30 mm long including compressed stigma. Berry 12-24 x 10-12 mm, globose to ovoid.
Perennial herb, parasite, 0.06-0.15 m high; stem decumbent, scabrous, hispid. Leaves 70 x 30 mm, subsessile, opposite, lanceolate or elliptic, roughly hairy, apex acute or obtuse, margins incise-dentate. Inflorescence a raceme; flowers large, axillary, white, turn blue-black when bruised. Calyx 8-75 mm long, tubular, campanulate to urceolate in fruit; tube mostly subplicate between ribs; lobes narrowly triangular, ovate. Corolla occasionally slightly gibbous above middle; tube cylindrical, funnel-shaped at apex, externally shaggy with glandular hairs, internally pubescent; throat yellow. Stamens inserted; filaments yellow, puberulous; anthers obtuse at base, glabrous. Ovary ovoid, compressed; stigma compressed. Flowering time Sept.-Dec.
Calyx 8–75 mm. long, short-or long-tubular, rarely campanulate in flower, campanulate to urceolate in fruit; tube 5–60 mm. long, 3–13 mm. broad, ribbed, at times subplicate between ribs; lobes, 5, equal or unequal, 3–15 mm. long, narrowly triangular, ovate or lanceolate.
Perennial herb with woody tuber; stems 5–35 cm. long, prostrate, decumbent or erect; stems, leaves and calyx hispid, scabrous or pilose, at times additionally stipitate-glandular.
Bracteoles (1)2–15 mm. long, subulate, filiform, linear or lanceolate, inserted on pedicel close to calyx or sometimes adnate to base of calyx tube.
Corolla white or pink; tube 30–95 mm. long, straight, occasionally slightly gibbous above middle, glandular without; limb 25–70(90) mm. in diam.
Leaves up to 8(12) cm. long, oblanceolate, lanceolate, elliptic, oblong or ovate, apex acute or obtuse, cuneate at base, variously toothed.
Filaments of shorter stamens 3–13 mm. long, of the longer 6–17 mm. long.
Pedicels 2–30(50) mm. long, axillary or supra-axillary.
Style 6–30 mm. long including compressed stigma.
Ovary 2–5 mm. long, ovoid, somewhat compressed.
Berry 12–24 x 10–12 mm., globose to ovoid.
Flowers solitary or in racemes.
Anthers 4–7 mm. long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support parasite
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.18 - 0.53
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Cycnium adonense unspecified picture

Distribution

Cycnium adonense world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:801755-1
WFO ID wfo-0000632161
COL ID 32YW5
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cycnium longiflorum Cycnium adonense Cycnium buchneri Cycnium camporum Cycnium decumbens Cycnium dewevrei Cycnium pentheri Cycnium rectum Cycnium verdickii Cycnium dewevrei var. minor Cycnium adonense var. adscendens Cycnium adonense subsp. camporum Cycnium adonense subsp. adonense