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Tufted perennial, the basal sheaths soon falling away; culms wiry, 30–120 cm. high, arising from a dense leafy tussock or rambling from a knotty rootstock, without stilt roots.. Leaf-blades linear, 5–30 cm. long, 1.5–8(–10) mm. wide, smooth, glaucous, hard, the base attenuate to rounded; ligule membranous, 1–4 mm. long.. False panicle linear to oblong, 5–20(–30) cm. long; racemes 10–15 mm. long, the lowermost internode and pedicel connate and swollen.. Sessile spikelet narrowly elliptic, 3–4.5 mm. long; lower glume firmly membranous, narrowly winged, shallowly concave on the back with a V-shaped median groove towards the base, without oil streaks and intercarinal nerves or these obscure and confined to the tip; upper lemma bifid to the middle, the awn 6–15 mm. long with a distinct column.. Pedicelled spikelet narrowly lanceolate, 3–5 mm. long, with clear closely spaced nerves.. Fig. 179.
Densely tufted aromatic perennial to 1 500 mm high; leaves mainly cauline; lowest culm nodes exposed, without old leaf sheaths. Leaf blade 50-300 x to 14 mm, rounded or cordate at base, apex a very long and fine point; ligule an unfringed membrane, 1-5 mm long. Inflorescence elongate; lower raceme with lowermost internode and pedicel swollen and fused together; internode and pedicel hairy along margins only. Sessile spikelet 3.5-5.0 mm long; lower glume with a deep narrow groove in lower 1/2, 2-nerved, upper part broadly winged, wing scaberulous on margin; upper lemma bifid to about middle, awn 7-14(20) mm long. Pedicellate spikelet 3-5 mm long, lower glume narrowly winged in upper part.
Perennial; up to 1.5 m high; tussocky. Culms lowest nodes exposed; not clothed by leaf sheaths. Leaf blades 50-300 x 14 mm; rounded to cordate at base. Flowers: in a complex; false panicle; lower raceme base internode and pedicel fused and swollen; sessile spikelets 3.5-5.0 mm long; pedicellate spikelets slightly shorter; lower glume of sessile spikelets with deep; narrow; median groove; broadly winged.
Sessile spikelet 3–5.5 mm long, glabrous; inferior glume with a V-shaped median groove, winged on the keels in the upper 1/2–1/3, entire or dentate at the apex; superior lemma linear, bifid to about the middle; awn delicate, 7–19.5 mm long, with a distinct column; anthers 1.4–2.6(3) mm long, straw-coloured.
Perennial, tussocky, up to 1.5 m high. Leaf blades 50-300 mm long, 14 mm wide, rounded at base. Lowest culm nodes exposed. Spikelets (sessile) 3.5-5.0 mm long (pedicellate slightly shorter); lower glume of sessile spikelets with a deep narrow groove.
Leaves smooth, sometimes purplish; ligule 0.5–2(3) mm long, minutely dentate; laminas 9–37 cm × 7–28 mm wide, amplexicaul, cordate or rounded at the base, broader below and tapering to a very fine point at the apex.
Racemes 11–20 mm long; internodes and pedicels pilose with silvery-white hairs, the lowermost swollen and fused together.
Pedicelled spikelet male, 3–4 mm long, longer than the sessile spikelet, glabrous.
Inflorescence elongated and ± interrupted, 7.5–70 cm long, reddish.
Caespitose perennial; culms up to 200(300) cm high.
