Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst

African bermudagrass (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Cynodon

Characteristics

Not rhizomatous. Culms erect, 1–3 mm wide, herbaceous or woody; flowering culms 20–83 cm high. Leaves: basal sheaths glabrous or pilose; orifice bearded; ligule a ciliolate membrane, 0.1–0.3 mm long; blade flat or folded, 5–16 cm long, 2–6 mm wide, acuminate, bright pale green or dull pale green (glaucous). Inflorescences subdigitate or digitate, rarely with a second whorl of branches; branches 4–13, 4–10 cm long, flexible. Spikelets disarticulating above or between the glumes; rachilla prolonged, terminating at a vestigial floret or naked. Glumes ±equal or unequal in length, 45–80% the length of the basal lemma, ±equal in width or with the lower narrower than the upper, narrowly lanceolate; lower glume 0.8–1.6 mm long; upper glume 1.4–2 mm long. Basal lemma 1.8–2.5 mm long; keel wingless; hairs on the midnerve extending the length of the lemma and sometimes arising in the lower half on the submargins. Anthers 1–1.4 mm long, orange.
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Stoloniferous perennial without rhizomes; stolons stout, lying flat on the ground; culms robust to fairly slender, 30–60 cm. high, soft, not woody (but stolons woody).. Leaf-blades flat, mostly 5–16 cm. long, 2–6 mm. wide, thin and green or rather stiff and glaucous, scaberulous, with or without scattered hairs; ligule a scarious rim 0.3 mm. long.. Racemes in 1, or sometimes 2, whorls, slender, even flexuous, but not stiffly spreading.. Spikelets 2–3 mm. long, green or pigmented with red or purple; glumes narrowly lanceolate in side view, the upper 1/2–3/4 the length of the spikelet (or sometimes equalling the spikelet in var. robustus); lemma silky pubescent to softly ciliate on the keel; palea glabrous.
Perennial 200-600 mm high; stolons stout, woody; culm fairly slender to robust, not woody, soft. Leaf blade 50-160 x 2-6 mm; ligule a fringe of hairs. Racemes 4-16, normally slender, flexuous and spreading. Spikelet 2 to 3 mm long; rachilla produced; glumes narrowly lanceolate in side view; upper glume 1/2-3/4 as long as spikelet; lemma keel not winged, very densely silky pubescent; palea glabrous; anther 1.1-1.3 mm long.
Perennial, stoloniferous (stolons stout and woody, plants otherwise fairly soft), up to 0.6 m high. Leaf blades 50-160 mm long, 2-6 mm wide. Spikelets 2-3 mm long. Spikes usually slender, flexuous and spreading; lemma very densely, silky pubescent, keel not winged.
Spikelets 2–2.6 mm long, green or pigmented with red or purple; glumes narrowly lanceolate in profile, the superior 1/2–3/4 as long as the spikelet; lemma silky-pubescent to softly ciliate on the keel.
Stoloniferous perennial without rhizomes; stolons stout; culms robust to fairly slender, up to 60 cm tall, soft, not woody (but stolons woody); leaf laminas 4–11.5 cm × 2–6 mm, flat.
Racemes 4–16 in 1 or sometimes 2 whorls, 4–20 cm long.
30–60 cm. high.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.4 - 0.6
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Disturbed areas in grassland, cattle paddocks and road verges, on moist alluvium.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use fodder material medicinal poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 18 - 24
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Cynodon nlemfuensis leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Cynodon nlemfuensis flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cynodon nlemfuensis world distribution map, present in Angola, Australia, Benin, Burkina Faso, Belize, Brazil, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Ethiopia, Ghana, Honduras, Haiti, Kenya, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Somalia, Chad, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126195-3
WFO ID wfo-0000861248
COL ID 339NJ
BDTFX ID 20556
INPN ID 145823
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cynodon nlemfuensis Cynodon lemfuensis Cynodon dactylon var. sarmentosus

Lower taxons

Cynodon nlemfuensis var. nlemfuensis