Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy

African dogstooth grass (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Cynodon

Characteristics

Rhizomatous. Culms decumbent, c. 0.5 mm wide, herbaceous; flowering culms 4–11 cm high. Leaves: basal sheaths glabrous; orifice bearded; ligule a ciliate membrane, 0.1–0.2 mm long; blade flat or convolute, 1.2–4.7 cm long, 0.5–2 mm wide, acuminate or acute, bright pale green (often yellowish green). Inflorescences digitate; branches 2–4, 1–4 cm long, rigid. Spikelets disarticulating above or between the glumes; rachilla prolonged, terminating at a vestigial floret or naked. Glumes ±equal or unequal in length, ±half as long as basal lemma, ±equal in width, narrowly lanceolate; lower glume 0.9–1.3 mm long; upper glume 1.1–1.2 mm long. Basal lemma 2–2.7 mm long; keel wingless; hairs arising in the upper half (or three-quarters). Anthers 0.7–0.9 mm long, orange.
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Stoloniferous sward-forming perennial with slender underground rhizomes; stolons slender, prostrate; culms delicate, 4–15 cm. high, up to 0.4 mm. in diameter.. Leaf-blades involute, filiform, 1–4 cm. long, up to 1 mm. wide, glaucous, glabrous or with scattered hairs; ligule a short hyaline rim up to 0.3 mm. long, ciliate on the edge.. Racemes l–3(–4), 0.7–1.5 cm. long, in a single whorl.. Spikelets 2.5 mm. long; glumes subequal, lanceolate in side view, 1-nerved, the upper 1/4–1/3 as long as the spikelet; lemma lanceolate to narrowly ovate, sparsely ciliate on the keel; palea glabrous.
Perennial, 50-300 mm high; rhizomatous; culm delicate. Leaf blade delicate, very fine, involute and filiform; ligule a fringed membrane. Inflorescence digitate or subdigitate, usually 2, secund, these reflexed at maturity; rachis flattened. Spikelets 2.0-2.5 mm long, strongly laterally compressed; glumes lanceolate in side view, 1-nerved; upper glume 1/4-1/3 as long as spikelet. Floret 1, bisexual, rachilla produced, often longer than lower glume; lemma keel wingless, sparsely pubescent; palea glabrous; anther 1.4-1.7 mm long. Flowering time Nov.-May.
Perennial 50-300 mm high; rhizomatous; culm delicate. Leaf blade 1.0-1.5 mm wide, delicate, very fine, soft, involute and filiform; ligule a fringed membrane. Racemes usually 2, reflexed at maturity. Spikelet 2.0-2.5 mm long; rachilla produced and is often longer than the lower glume; glumes lanceolate in side view, 1-nerved; upper glume 1/4-1/3 as long as spikelet; lemma keel not winged, sparsely pubescent; palea glabrous; anther 1.4-1.7 mm long.
Perennial; up to 0.3 m high; rhizomatous. Culms delicate. Leaf blades 1.0-1.5 mm wide; involute and filiform; soft. Flowers: inflorescence digitate; racemes usually 2; reflexed at maturity; rachilla produced and often longer than lower glume; spikelets 2.0-2.5 mm long; lemma keel wingless.
Perennial, rhizomatous, up to 300 mm tall. Leaf blades 1.0-1.5 mm wide, involute and filiform. Spikelets 2.0-2.5 mm long. Spikes usually 2, reflexed at maturity; rhachilla produced and often longer than lower glume.
Like C. dactylon but spikes usually 2 and reflexed at maturity.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.05 - 0.3
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Found on creek frontages and alluvialsoil in isolated patches. 
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-4
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-10

Usage

Uses environmental use gene source
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -12
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Cynodon transvaalensis unspecified picture

Distribution

Cynodon transvaalensis world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Australia, Ecuador, Egypt, Ethiopia, Greece, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Kenya, Libya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Puerto Rico, Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, and South Africa

Conservation status

Cynodon transvaalensis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397136-1
WFO ID wfo-0000861283
COL ID 339PM
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cynodon transvaalensis Cynodon poissonii Cynodon transvaalensis subsp. poissonii