Cyphostemma wittei (Staner) Wild & R.B.Drumm.

Species

Angiosperms > Vitales > Vitaceae > Cyphostemma

Characteristics

Prostrate or scrambling subshrubby herb 1–2 m. long from a thick fusiform woody taproot, which is red inside, up to 30 cm. long and 8 cm. in diameter; stems tomentose to ± ferruginous pubescent and often with sparse to dense gland-tipped bristly hairs; tendrils absent.. Leaves simple to digitately 3-foliolate with lateral leaflets mostly much smaller than the median, sessile or subsessile; median leaflets and simple leaves oblong, ovate, oblong-elliptic, narrowly obovate to oblanceolate or ± round, 3–21 cm. long, 1.5–15 cm. wide, sometimes shallowly to deeply 3-lobed, rounded to obtusely angled at the apex, cuneate to cordate at the base; laterals broadly obovate, obovate, broadly ovate or ± round, 1–5 cm. long, 0.7–3 cm. wide, acute to rounded at the apex, asymmetrically rounded at the base; all glabrous above except for nerves slightly pubescent and puberulous margin, densely pubescent on nerves beneath to densely often ferruginous felted velvety or with straggling matted hairs; all with ± crenate margins, the crenae apiculate; petiole 0–2(–5) mm. long, pubescent or tomentose, petiolules 0–6(–15) mm. long; stipules lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 0.6–1.8 cm. long, 3–7 mm. wide, acute to acuminate at the apex, ± falcate, ± densely pubescent.. Inflorescences bright red, 3–12 cm. wide; peduncle 2.5–11 cm. long, with similar indumentum to stem; pedicels 1.7–3 mm. long; axes with or without gland-tipped hairs; bracts and bracteoles subulate-lanceolate, 1–2 mm. long, pubescent.. Buds oblong-cylindric, 1.7–4 mm. long, constricted slightly near the middle, pubescent or glabrous.. Calyx brown, 1.5–2 mm. wide, entire, puberulous.. Petals yellow to crimson or with only red tips, 2 mm. long.. Ovary glabrous.. Fruit red turning purplish black, ellipsoid-globose, 6.5–10 mm. long, 5–8 mm. wide, glabrous.. Seeds ellipsoid, 5.5–8 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, rugose; main ridge evident and with ± 4 transverse ridges.
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Leaves simple, sessile or subsessile; leaf-lamina up to 15 × 13 cm., broadly oblong-elliptic, in large older leaves sometimes shallowly 3-lobed and very broadly ovate, apex rounded, base shallowly cordate, upper surface glabrous or with a few hairs on the nerves, lower surface whitish-or brownish-tomentose or hairy only on the nerves and veins; stipules up to c. 1 cm. long, lanceolate, densely pubescent.
Cymes axillary, trichotomous; peduncle up to 4(7) cm., pubescent or tomentose; branches of inflorescence sometimes with stalked subcapitate glands; pedicels 2–3 mm. long, pubescent; bracts and bracteoles c. 2 mm. long, lanceolate, pubescent.
Prostrate herb from a thick perennial rootstock; stems c. 1 m. long, brownish-or whitish-tomentose or-pubescent, sometimes glandular; tendrils absent.
Flower-bud 2–4 mm. long, constricted near the middle, puberulous or glabrous.
Fruit purple-black, 1 × 0·8 cm., ellipsoid-globose, glabrous.
Ovary glabrous; style c. 1·5 mm. long, apex minutely 2-fid.
Calyx 0·5 mm. long, entire, pubescent at the margin.
Seed 1, c. 8 × 6 mm., ellipsoid, deeply foveolate.
Petals red.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) -
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 30 - 60
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Cyphostemma wittei world distribution map, present in Tanzania, United Republic of and Zambia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:870417-1
WFO ID wfo-0000634773
COL ID 33GJ7
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cissus wittei Cyphostemma hermannioides Cyphostemma wittei