Dalbergia arbutifolia Baker

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Dalbergia

Characteristics

Small tree or shrub, sometimes scandent with aid of modified spiny or coiled branchlets on older wood, 3–10(–18) m. tall; bark grey or grey-brown, striate, ultimately flaking off in small pieces; wood reddish.. Branchlets with a yellowish or brown matted tomentum, soon glabrescent.. Leaves mostly 8–15 cm. long; stipules oblong-elliptic, concave, 4–5 mm. long, fugaceous; lateral leaflets 4–9(–12) on either side of rhachis, the lower ones at least often subopposite, elliptic-oblong, oblong or oblong-obovate, 2.2–4 (–5.5) cm. long, 0.8–2.3 cm. wide, bluntly pointed to rounded or slightly emarginate at apex, rounded to cordate at base, with the margins slightly to obviously incurved, usually pubescent at least beneath; primary lateral nerves ± 7–10 on either side of midrib, ultimately prominulous above.. Panicles mostly precocious, usually several together at the nodes and at the ends of short lateral branches, sometimes also in axils of young leaves, 3–6 cm. long; axes densely hairy; bracts filiform to linear-lanceolate, 1–3 mm. long, irregularly subpersistent; bracteoles, at top of 2–6 mm. long slender pedicel, narrow like bract.. Calyx 3.5–5 mm. long, coarsely pubescent with irregularly arranged mostly slightly crisped hairs.. Corolla 6–8 mm. long, white or cream, turning yellowish, fragrant; standard oblong-obovate, abruptly contracted to claw; wings as long as standard, broadly expanded towards apex, enveloping and distinctly longer than keel.. Stamens 10, all united or the upper one free.. Fruit elliptic-oblong or oblong, bluntly pointed, narrowed to a 0.6–1 (–1.5) cm. long stipe, 7.5–15 cm. long, 2–4 cm. wide, thickened, prominently veined and ultimately rough over the seed-cavity, subglabrous to brownish crisped puberulous or tomentellous, venose, 1–2-seeded.
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Leaves up to 16 cm long; petiole 1–3 cm long, rachis 6–12(14) cm long, fulvous-puberulous, glabrescent; petiolules 1–2.5 mm long; leaflets (5)6–9(10) on each side of the rachis, (1)1.5–4.5 × 0.7–1.5(2) cm, elliptic to oblong-elliptic or obovate-oblong, rounded to broadly obtuse or truncate at the apex, margin recurved, base often slightly asymmetric, rounded or subcordate, thin and stiff, dull green, glabrous on upper surface, paler, puberulous-glabrescent beneath, midrib impressed above, prominent beneath, lateral nerves in 5–8 pairs, scarcely conspicuous; stipules c.6 mm long, caducous.
Standard 6–7 mm long, obovate, with somewhat wavy margin, emarginate, claw c.1.5 mm long; wings obliquely obovate, auricle obtuse, claw c.2 mm long; keel petals shorter than the wings, dorsally slightly connate or free, claw 2.5 mm long.
Inflorescence of axillary and terminal panicles, often also borne precociously in axils of fallen leaves, 2–5 cm long, rufous-or fulvous-tomentellous; bracts and bracteoles small, usually present at anthesis.
Pod flat, 1–2(3)-seeded, 6–12 × 2–3.5 cm, coriaceous, at first densely pubescent, glabrescent, apex rounded or obtuse, base cuneate to narrowed, rather thickened and eventually cracking over the seeds.
Climbing or scandent shrub or liane up to 12 m tall, often with side branches on older wood becoming hooked or coiled and tendril-like (stem-tendrils), deciduous.
Calyx 3.5–4 mm long, puberulous; upper teeth shallow-lobed, the lateral ones rounded, the lower one c.1.5 mm long, triangular-acute.
Ovary 2–3-ovulate, pilose on midrib and suture; style 1.5 mm long; stipe c.3 mm long, puberulous.
Young parts fulvous-or rufous-tomentellous or pubescent-glabrescent.
Stamens in a single bundle, occasionally the upper one free.
Flowers white, 6–8 mm long; pedicels 1.5–5.5 mm long.
Seed 10–15 × 6–7 × 4 mm; testa brown.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 7.5 - 11.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Dalbergia arbutifolia world distribution map, present in Angola, Mozambique, Malawi, Tanzania, United Republic of, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Dalbergia arbutifolia threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490084-1
WFO ID wfo-0000171776
COL ID 33YVS
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 807292
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Dalbergia ochracea Dalbergia arbutifolia Amerimnon arbutifolium Dalbergia arbutifolia subsp. arbutifolia

Lower taxons

Dalbergia arbutifolia subsp. aberrans