Dalbergia nitidula Welw. ex Baker

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Dalbergia

Characteristics

Shrub or small tree up to 4–12 m. tall; bark grey-brown to reddish, irregularly cracking even on flowering branches, soon very rough and fissured; heart wood purplish.. Branchlets with a short yellowish or grey matted usually somewhat persistent tomentum.. Leaves 9–20 cm. long; stipules oblong or elliptic-oblong, bluntly pointed, 3–6 mm. long, caducous; lateral leaflets 4–7 on either side of rhachis, ovate to elliptic-oblong or broadly elliptic, 3–8.5 cm. long, 1.5–5 cm. wide, narrowed to the pointed, rounded or emarginate apex, rounded or slightly cordate at base, subglabrous to tomentose with variously straight or crisped hairs; primary lateral nerves ± 6–10(–12) on either side of midrib, often rather obscured by the indumentum.. Panicles precocious (several together at the older nodes and at ends of short lateral branches) and in axils of young leaves, densely contracted, 1–5 cm. long, not infrequently replaced by characteristic globular galls (1–2 cm. across and composed of numerous radiating needle-shaped elements, each crowned by a tuft of hair-like filaments); axes tomentose; bracts oblong-elliptic to obovate, 1–2 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles, at top of 1.5–5 mm. long pedicel, a little narrower and 1.5–3 mm. long.. Calyx 4–6 mm. long, tomentellous in East Africa (often rather less hairy further south) with short brownish or yellowish subappressed hairs.. Corolla (6–)7–10(–12) mm. long, white or cream, fragrant; standard obovate-elliptic to obovate or suborbicular, with well-developed claw; wings nearly as long as standard, expanded upwards, enveloping and markedly longer than keel.. Stamens 10, usually in 2 phalanges of 5, but sometimes only partially divided or even subequally united.. Fruit elliptic-oblong or oblong, pointed, with 0.8–1 cm. long stipe 4–7 cm. long, 1–1.5 cm. wide, papery, scarcely thickened over the seed-cavity, brown, usually glabrous but occasionally varying to tomentose, laxly venose, scarcely winged but peripheral nerve submarginal, l–2(–3)-seeded.. Fig. 21/10–12, p. 101.
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A tree 25-35 ft. high, with a trunk 1-2 ft. thick, and unarmed finely grey-velvety woody branchlets. Petioles woody, 6-9 lines long; leaves 3-4 in. long, with 11-13 oblong shining coriaceous bluntish leaflets 12-20 lines long, 8-9 lines broad, rounded at the base, opaque and finely grey-velvety below, on petiolules a line long. Flowers in densely congested sessile axillary panicles. Pedicels nearly obsolete. Calyx campanulate, finely brown-velvety, 1/8 in. deep, the deltoid teeth reaching a third down. Corolla 3.5 lines long, reddish, the keel shorter than the wings and unguiculate orbicular recurved standard. Stamens equally diadelphous. Ovary linear, densely silky, with a distinct pedicel. Pod not seen.
A shrub or small tree. It loses its leaves during the year. It grows 4-12 m tall. The branches are stiff and erect. The crown is open. The bark is grey brown or reddish. It is rough and cracked. The leaves are compound with 4-7 pairs of leaflets and one at the tip. The leaflets are 2-3 cm long. The flowers are white and appear before the leaves. They occur in dense heads up to 10 cm across. Each flower is small and pea like. The fruit is a flat, thin brown pod. It is 7 cm long by 1.5 cm wide. It has a sharp tip. There are 1-2 seeds.
Leaves up to 16 cm long; petiole 1.5–2 cm long, fulvous-puberulous, glabrescent; petiolules 1.5–3.5 mm long; leaflets (3)4–6(7) on each side of the rachis, 1.5–5(6) × 0.8–3 cm, ovate to elliptic or oblong-ovate, rounded or obtuse or acute at the apex, rounded at the base, thinly appressed-puberulous or shortly tomentose to subsericeous on both surfaces; lateral nerves 4–6 pairs and reticulation scarcely visible; stipules caducous.
Standard 7–8 mm in diameter, subcircular, apex emarginate or retuse, base narrowly decurrent into a short claw; wings obovate, as long as the standard, auricle rounded, claw c.3 mm long; keel petals shorter and broader than the wings, incurved, usually free, slightly overlapping at the apex, claw c.3 mm long.
Inflorescence usually an aggregate of small showy panicles or cymose racemes 3.5–6 cm long, borne precociously in the axils of fallen leaves, rarely also in axils of leaves of new shoots, fulvous-tomentellous or puberulous; bracts 1 mm long, bracteoles linear, 1.5 mm long, often present at anthesis.
Unarmed slender shrub or small straggling tree up to 10 m tall; crown spreading; bark rough, grey or dark brown, deeply fissured.
Calyx 3–4.5 mm long, pubescent-glabrescent; upper teeth rounded, the others acute to subacute.
Young parts fulvous-subsericeous or shortly tomentose; branchlets with reddish cortex.
Ovary 2–3-ovulate, tomentose or glabrous; style glabrous; stipe 2–3 mm long.
Pod flat, 1–3-seeded, 3–5.5 × 1.7 cm, fulvous-velutinous or glabrous.
Flowers white, 8–10 mm long, sweet-scented; pedicels 3–6 mm long.
Stamens in a single bundle or in 2 bundles of 5.
Ripe seeds not seen.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 7.62 - 10.67
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Deciduous woodlands, including Brachystegia woodlands, bushland, thickets and wooded grassland, at elevations from 300-1,700 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows in deciduous woodland. In Tanzania it grows between 300-1,700 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The young leaves are chopped, washed, cooked and pounded with peanuts and then eaten with the staple food.
Uses charcoal food material medicinal wood
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Fatality (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Dalbergia nitidula unspecified picture

Distribution

Dalbergia nitidula world distribution map, present in Angola, Burundi, Mozambique, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Dalbergia nitidula threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490361-1
WFO ID wfo-0000172371
COL ID 33Z6Q
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Dalbergia nitidula Pterocarpus elisabethvillensis Dalbergia dekindtiana Dalbergia luluensis Dalbergia medicinalis Dalbergia swynnertonii Amerimnon nitidulum