Daucus L.

Wild carrot (en), Carotte (fr)

Genus

Angiosperms > Apiales > Apiaceae

Characteristics

Herbs biennial. Stem solitary erect, branching, retrorsely hispid. Basal leaves petiolate; blade pinnately decompound, ultimate segments small and narrow. Leaves reduced upwards becoming sessile, wholly sheathing, divisions narrow and elongate. Umbels terminal and axillary, loosely compound; bracts numerous, pinnate, rarely entire, usually reflexed; rays numerous, spreading or incurved after anthesis, tightly compact in fruit; bracteoles numerous, toothed or entire; umbellules many-flowered, central flowers usually sterile with enlarged purple petals. Pedicels unequal. Calyx teeth obsolete to conspicuous. Petals white or yellow, obcordate, with an inflexed apex, outer petals in outer flowers of an umbellule enlarged and radiant. Stylopodium conic; styles short. Fruit ellipsoid, dorsally compressed; primary ribs filiform, bristly; secondary ribs winged, wings with glochidiate prickles; vittae 1 in furrows under the secondary ribs, 2 on commissure. Seed face shallowly concave to nearly plane. Carpophore entire or bifid at apex. (Generic description relates to Chinese taxa only.)
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Fr-body oblong or ovoid, flattened dorsally, the primary ribs low, with a row of short inconspicuous bristles, the 4 secondary ribs prominently winged, the wing divided into a row of flattened-subulate, hooked or straight spines; oil-tubes 1 under each secondary wing, 2 on the commissure; carpophore entire or bifid at the top; umbels compound, terminal and from the upper axils, long-pedunculate; bracts commonly large, pinnately dissected; bractlets linear or rarely pinnate; fls mostly white, the marginal ones often enlarged and irregular; stylopodium conic; annual or biennial herbs with pinnately decompound lvs. 60, widespread.
Annual or biennial herbs, usually hairy. Lvs (1)-2-3-pinnate; segments usually narrow. Umbels usually compound, rarely simple, pedunculate; bracts and bracteoles numerous or 0, entire, pinnate or pinnatisect. Petals white, pink, yellow or purplish, usually irregular, with apex notched and inflexed; calyx teeth small or 0. Fr. ellipsoid to ovoid, terete or somewhat flattened dorsally, not beaked, commissure narrow; ribs 9 per mericarp, primary filiform and usually ciliate, secondary stouter and spinous; vittae solitary.
Umbels us. compound, bracts us. ∞; calyx-teeth small or obsolete; petals white to red, notched, inflexed at apex. Fr. ± ovoid-cylindric. Mericarps convex; 5 primary ribs very slender, us. with double row of short spreading bristles; 4 secondary ribs prominent, with a row of conspicuous glochidiate bristles. Vittae under primary ridges. Annual to biennial tap-rooted herbs with few to many branches; lvs pinnately compound. About 60 spp., mostly of northern hemisphere.
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Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

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