Descurainia pinnata (Walter) Britton

Western tansymustard (en), Descurainie pennée (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Brassicales > Brassicaceae > Descurainia

Characteristics

Annuals; glandular or egland-ular; sparsely to densely pubescent, sometimes glabrous distally, canescent or not, trichomes dendritic. Stems erect, unbranched or branched basally and/or distally, (0.8-)1.3-5.7(-9.2) dm. Basal leaves: petiole 0.5-3.6 cm; blade 1-or 2-pinnate, ovate or oblong to oblanceolate in outline, 1-15 cm, lateral lobes (4-9 pairs), linear or oblanceolate to ovate, margins entire or dentate. Cauline leaves sessile or shortly petiolate; blade smaller distally, distal lobes often narrower, surfaces densely pubescent. Racemes considerably elongated in fruit. Fruiting pedicels usually ascending to divaricate or horizontal, rarely descending (at 20-110º angle), straight or slightly recurved, 4-18 (-23) mm. Flowers: sepals spreading to ascending, yellow, purple, or rose, oblong, 0.8-2.6 mm, pubescent; petals (whitish or yellow), narrowly oblanceolate, 1-3 × 0.3-1 mm; median filaments 1-2.8 mm; anthers 0.2-0.4 mm. Fruits erect to ascending, usually clavate, rarely broadly linear (wider distally), not torulose, 4-13(-17) × 1.2-2.2 mm; valves each with distinct midvein; septum not veined; ovules 16-40 per ovary; style obsolete, 0.02-0.2 mm, glabrous. Seeds biseriate, reddish brown, oblong, 0.6-0.9 × 0.4-0.5 mm.
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Erect, 2–7 dm; lvs oblong to oblanceolate, the lower the larger, bipinnate, or pinnate with deeply pinnatifid segments, the upper progressively reduced and less dissected; fls 2–4 mm wide; mature racemes elongate, to 3 dm, with widely divergent pedicels 5–20 mm; frs narrowly clavate, 5–13 × 1–2 mm; seeds in 2 rows in each locule, at least near the middle; 2n=14, 28, 42. Dry, open or sparsely wooded places; throughout most of N. Amer. Two vars. in our range. Var. pinnata, occurring chiefly on the coastal plain from se. Va. to Tex., has canescent, nonglandular herbage (sometimes glandular in the infl), and spreading or ascending frs 5–10 (avg 1) mm. (Sisymbrium canescens) Var. brachycarpa (Richardson) Fernald, a chiefly northern plant extending s. to N. Engl., W.Va., Tenn., and Tex., has glandular (sometimes also hairy) herbage (incl. the infl) and ascending to erect frs 6–13 (avg 9) mm. (Sophia p.; S. incisa; S. intermedia; S. millefolia)
A cabbage family herb. It grows each year from seed. The flowers are bright yellow. The seed pods are long and slender.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination autogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a warm temperate of subtropical plant. It grows in the desert in SW of the USA. It can grow in arid places. In Argentina it grows below 500 m above sea level.
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Most areas and situations, usually in dry soils.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

The seed are used for a ground meal called pinole. They are also used to flavour soups. The leaves are boiled or roasted and eaten. They are also eaten raw. The leaves are used to make drinks with lime juice. The pods are mustard flavour and are nibbled.
Uses beverage fodder food material medicinal poison spice vertebrate poison
Edible leaves pods seeds
Therapeutic use Dermatological Aid (leaf), Gastrointestinal Aid (seed), Toothache (unspecified), Unspecified (unspecified), Poison (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Descurainia pinnata unspecified picture

Distribution

Descurainia pinnata world distribution map, present in United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:78208-2
WFO ID wfo-0000641952
COL ID 34ZCT
BDTFX ID 103681
INPN ID 717163
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Nasturtium multifidum Descurainia multifoliata Descurainia pinnata Erysimum pinnatum Cardamine multifida Crucifera multifida Descurainia canescens Sophia pinnata Sophia millefolia Sisymbrium multifidum Descurainia multifida Sisymbrium canescens Nasturtium menziesii Sophia californica Descurainia pinnata f. simplex Descurainia canescens var. andina Descurainia canescens var. pimpinellifolium Descurainia pinnata var. pinnata Sisymbrium incisum var. californicum Descurainia pinnata subsp. pinnata Sisymbrium canescens var. californicum Sisymbrium multifidum subsp. canescens

Lower taxons

Descurainia pinnata subsp. brachycarpa Descurainia pinnata subsp. glabra Descurainia pinnata subsp. halictorum Descurainia pinnata subsp. menziesii Descurainia pinnata subsp. ochroleuca