Dichapetalaceae Baill.

Family

Angiosperms > Malpighiales

Characteristics

Trees, shrubs, subshrubs or lianas. Stipules present, caducous or persistent, simple, entire, or variously lobed or divided. Leaves alternate, simple, entire, pinnately nerved, often glandular. Inflorescences axillary, sometimes arranged on leafless axillary or terminal shoots, cymose, distinctly branched to subglobose, sessile to pedunculate, the peduncle free or adnate to petiole; bracts and bracteoles usually small. Flowers small, actinomorphic to zygomorphic, (4–)5-merous, bisexual (Africa) to unisexual; pedicel usually articulate, the upper part (the true pedicel) absent to very distinct. Sepals (4–)5, subequal to strongly unequal, imbricate, free or shortly united, rarely forming a tube. Petals (4–)5, equal to very unequal, alternating with the sepals, free or nearly so, or, more often, united with the alternating stamens into a very short to distinct tube, entire or bilobed to bicucullate apically. Androecium of 2–5 stamens and 0–3 staminodes, opposite the sepals; anthers dithecous, introrse, opening by longitudinal slits, usually with a distinct connective. Basal staminodes (disc-glands, disc-lobes, hypogynous glands) 1–5, opposite the petals, free or united into a disc, variously shaped. Pistil 2–3(–4)-merous; ovary superior, with 2 collateral pendulous anatropous ovules in each locule, raphe ventral, obturator distinct or not; styles 2–3(–4), free or nearly so, more often almost completely united with free apical parts. Fruit a drupe with 1–3(–4) 1-seeded free pyrenes, deeply lobed or not; exocarp dehiscent or indehiscent; mesocarp ± fleshy; endocarp indehiscent, usually with a distinct apical, and usually partly ventral, suture, pergamentaceous to woody or bony, hairy inside or not. Seeds exalbuminous, rarely with some albumen; testa usually thin, glabrous, rarely hairy; cotyledons usually planoconvex. Germination usually hypogeal, first pair of leaves opposite or alternate
More
Small trees or shrubs, sometimes scandent shrubs. Leaves simple, alternate; stipules small, deciduous. Inflorescences axillary corymbose cymes, sometimes glomerate capitula; peduncles sometimes adnate with petioles. Flowers small, bisexual, rarely unisexual, actinomorphic or slightly zygomorphic. Sepals 5, free or partly connate, imbricate. Petals 5, free and equal or connate, unequal, apex 2-lobed or subentire. Stamens 5, alternate with petals, free or connate; anthers 2-loculed, dehiscence longitudinal, thickened on back of connective. Disk lobed, with 5 glands or disk annular, margin undulate, glands opposite to petals, free. Ovary superior or inferior, 2-or 3-locular; ovules 2, inverted in each locule; styles ± connate or free. Drupe dry or slightly fleshy; exocarp thin, easily burst. Seeds lacking endosperm; cotyledons fleshy.
Trees, shrubs (often scrambling) or lianes, monoecious or dioecious. Leaves alternate, simple, stipulate. Flowers small, actinomorphic or slightly zygomorphic, bisexual. Sepals 5, free or basally connate, imbricate. Petals 5, mostly bilobed, free or fused into tube. Stamens 5, alternate with petals, free or episepalous; anthers 2-locular, dehiscing by longitudinal slits. Disc of 5 epipetalous lobes. Ovary superior or inferior, of 2 or 3, rarely 4, connate carpels; style mostly connate at base, 2-or 3-fid at apex; ovules 2 per locule, pendulous. Fruit a drupe, dry or fleshy. Seeds without endosperm; embryo straight.
Petals 5, equal (in actinomorphic flowers) or unequal (in zygomorphic flowers), often 2-dentate, 2-lobed or 2-fid at the apex, sometimes united with the stamens at the base
Ovary superior or semi-inferior, composed of 2–3 carpels, 2–3-locular, with 2 pendulous ovules in each loculus; style simple, 2–3-lobulate or 2–3-fid at the apex
Leaves alternate, subsessile or petiolate, simple, entire, often provided with glands at the base and below the apex; stipules caducous or persistent
Disk annular or often divided into 5 squamulous hypogynous glands, distinct or connate
Fruits drupaceous, with 3 (often reduced to 2 or 1) ± separate mericarps, 1–2-seeded
Flowers actinomorphic or zygomorphic, bisexual or rarely unisexual by abortion
Stamens (4) 5, all fertile or 2–3 fertile and 2 staminodes; anthers introrse
Inflorescence of cymes, fascicles or glomerules, often axillary
Seeds without endosperm; cotyledons containing starch
Shrublets or erect or scandent shrubs or rarely trees
Sepals 5, ± connate below
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Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Environment

Grows in rainforest.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

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Cultivation

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Images

Dichapetalaceae unspecified picture

Distribution

Dichapetalaceae world distribution map, present in Australia and China

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126618-1
WFO ID wfo-7000000185
COL ID 97H
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 597855
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Dichapetalaceae

Lower taxons

Stephanopodium Dichapetalum Tapura