Digitaria abyssinica (hochst. ex A.rich.) Stapf

African couchgrass (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Digitaria

Characteristics

Creeping perennial with wiry rhizomes, forming mats; culms 5–60 cm. high, weak, decumbent below, the basal sheaths usually glabrous, occasionally pubescent or villous.. Leaf-blades broadly linear to narrowly lanceolate, 2–12 cm. long, 3–10 mm. wide.. Inflorescence of 2–25 racemes arranged on a short common axis 1–9 cm. long; racemes 2–11 cm. long, the spikelets paired on a triquetrous rhachis with or without narrow wings, sometimes the pedicels forked.. Spikelets ovate-elliptic to broadly elliptic, usually plump, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, mostly tinged with purple; lower glume a membranous scale, very variable in size, 0.1–0.8 mm. long, ± ovate; upper glume 2/3 to as long as the spikelet, 3–7-nerved, glabrous, the nerves usually rather prominent; lower lemma as long as the spikelet, 7-nerved, glabrous (sometimes obscurely puberulous on the margin, very rarely distinctly hairy–see note); fruit ellipsoid, in various shades of light brown, grey and purple.. Fig. 147.
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Leaf laminae 4–8 × 0.5–1.2 cm., linear-lanceolate, flat, sometimes scaberulous on both surfaces, with scattered bulbous based bristles, scabrous along the crisped margin.
Inferior lemma as long as the spikelet, oblong-ovate with recurved margins, equidistantly 7-nerved, glabrous or rarely minutely pubescent, pale green or purplish tinged.
Superior glume c.4/5 the spikelet, oblong-ovate, 3(5)-nerved, glabrous or rarely minutely pubescent, pale green, sometimes purplish tinged.
Inferior glume c.1/4 of the spikelet, regularly triangular to rounded triangular, nerveless, glabrous, hyaline or purplish.
Inflorescence composed of 6–12 racemes, 4–9 cm. long, ascendent-patent, solitary along a well developed common axis.
Pedicels 2-nate, 1–3 mm. long, triangular to compressed, scabrous, not or scarcely broadened at the apex.
Superior lemma as long as the spikelet, oblong-ovate, apiculate, pale to bluish green, inflated.
Rhachis triquetrous, scarcely winged, up to 0.4 mm. broad, smooth, with scabrous margins.
Culms 20–40 cm., erect from a creeping or decumbent base, glabrous, nodes dark, glabrous.
A slender creeping perennial with culms up to about 30 cm. high.
Leaf sheaths loosely to densely hairy from minute tubercles.
A loosely caespitose perennial on a short, slender rhizome.
Spikelets 1.8–2.1 mm. long, oblong-ovate, inflated.
Ligule 1–2 mm. long, obtuse to truncate.
A slender creeping grass.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.6
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

It is a tropical plant.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-11

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use fodder food forage gene source medicinal
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Distribution

Digitaria abyssinica world distribution map, present in Burkina Faso, Botswana, Congo, Comoros, Costa Rica, Djibouti, Ecuador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Honduras, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Réunion, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Somalia, eSwatini, Seychelles, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Viet Nam, Yemen, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1209084-2
WFO ID wfo-0000863676
COL ID 6D6JX
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 792576
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Digitaria hackelii Digitaria lemeeana Digitaria merkeri Digitaria tangaensis Panicum muticum Syntherisma abyssinica Digitaria abyssinica Digitaria eichingeri Digitaria mutica Digitaria somalensis Panicum abyssinicum Panicum kafuroense Digitaria ciliaris Digitaria effusa Digitaria hentyi Digitaria scalarum Digitaria vestita Panicum hackelii Panicum scalarum Syntherisma abyssinicum Panicum kafuroensis Dichanthium scalarum Digitaria abyssinica var. scalarum Digitaria scalarum var. elgonensis Digitaria velutina var. glabrescens Digitaria vestita var. scalarum Panicum scalarum var. elatius