Dyera costulata Hook.F.

Jelutong (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Apocynaceae > Dyera

Characteristics

Tree to 80 m high, to 300 cm dbh, sometimes with somewhat exposed roots but not with knee-shaped pneumatophores. Bark dark grey, brown or black, smooth with squarish scales; inner bark cream, pale grey or pale reddish; wood cream or white. Branchlets 3.5-9 mm wide, glabrous. Leaves in whorls of 4-8; stipules 3-6 mm long; petiole 2-6.2 cm long, glabrous; blade coriaceous to papery, obovate, oblong or elliptic, 5.5-42 by 1.8-14 cm, 1.6-4.3 times as long as wide, apex short acuminate to rounded, base subcordate to rounded (sometimes from a narrowed base), rarely cuneate, margin crenulate or weakly crenulate, glabrous above and beneath, glaucous beneath or not, midrib sunken to slightly raised above, 12-24 pairs of secondary veins, at 45-80° from midrib, clearly distinguishable from tertiary venation and prominent or flat above and prominent beneath, tertiary venation reticulate or subscalariform, prominent above and beneath. Inflorescence arranged in whorls, 4−18 cm long, glabrous, many-flowered; peduncle 2.5-9.2 cm long; pedicels 1.5−6.5 mm long. Sepals ovate or orbicular, 1-3 by 0.8-2 mm, 1-1.5 times as long as wide, apex rounded to acute, ciliate or not, glabrous. Corolla white, yellowish green or pinkish yellow; tube 1.1-3 mm long, 0.3-0.6 times as long as lobes, glabrous inside and outside; lobes 3-9 by 1.2-2.3 mm, 1.7-4.4 times as long as wide, glabrous outside and inside. Stamens inserted at 0.5-0.6 mm from corolla base which is 0.2-0.36 of tube length; anthers 1.1-1.4 by 0.4-0.5 mm, 2.7-3 times as long as wide, exserted 0-0.88 mm from corolla throat. Ovaries 0.3-0.6 mm long; style 0-0.2 mm long; style head 0.5-0.7 mm long. Fruit 18-40 by 2.5-4 cm. Seeds: grains c. 2.5 by 1.5 cm, c. 5 by 2 cm with wing.
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A big tree. It grows 60 m high and spreads 9 m wide. It is 27 m until the first branch. The trunk can be 2 m wide. The leaves are simple and oval. They are 7-18 cm long. They are in rings near the ends of branches. The flowers are 3.5 mm across and white. They are in rings. The fruit can be 32 cm long. They are brown, dry, woody and curved. They split along one side when ripe. The seeds are flat and winged.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 9.0
Mature height (meter) 55.0 - 60.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Primary evergreen lowland or hill forest up to 300 metres. In undisturbed forests at elevations up to 400 metres. Usually on hillsides and ridges on clayey to sandy soils. In secondary forests usually present as a pre-disturbance remnant.
More
A tropical plant. It grows on flat and undulating land in a variety of soils. It grows up to 400 m above sea level. It suits hardiness zones 11-12.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The sap or gum is chewed.
Uses food gum material medicinal timber wood
Edible gums saps
Therapeutic use Masticatory (unspecified), Hypersensitivity (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed of cuttings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Dyera costulata unspecified picture

Distribution

Dyera costulata world distribution map, present in Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand

Conservation status

Dyera costulata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:78323-1
WFO ID wfo-0000946993
COL ID 385V2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Dyera costulata Dyera laxiflora Alstonia eximia Alstonia grandifolia Alstonia costulata