Elionurus muticus (Spreng.) Kuntze

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Elionurus

Characteristics

Densely tufted perennial, 0.2-1.2 m high; leaves mainly basal. Leaf blade 10-150 x 1-2 mm, setaceous; bitter tasting, sometimes aromatic when fresh; green, becoming copper-coloured late in season. Inflorescence a solitary, spike-like raceme typically curled like a sickle at maturity; spikelets in pairs: one sessile, the other pedicelled; rachis internodes densely hairy with spreading hairs. Sessile spikelet 6-14 mm long; lower glume lobed or entire, hairs long, dense, silky, white to grey. Florets 2; lower floret sterile, awnless; upper floret bisexual; anther 2.6-3.8 mm long. Pedicellate spikelet 4-7 mm long, well developed, lanceolate, pubescent to villous, acuminate or with a short awn-point. Flowering time Sept.-May.
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Densely tufted perennial; culms 15–100 cm. high.. Leaf-blades filiform, involute, 5–30 cm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, mostly basal and compacted into a dense tussock, ± aromatic, filiform to subulate at the tip; sheaths papery, sometimes becoming fibrous or horny, occasionally tomentose.. Racemes 4–14 cm. long, terminal on the culm or sometimes with 1–2 axillary racemes, silvery to grey or purple; internodes villous.. Sessile spikelet lanceolate; callus broadly cuneate, 1–1.5 mm. long; lower glume 4–8 mm. long, villous on the back, entire or divided at the tip into 2 teeth up to 7 mm. long.. Pedicelled spikelet lanceolate, 4–7 mm. long, pubescent to villous, acuminate or with a short awn-point.. Fig. 195.
Densely tufted perennial 200-1200 mm high; leaves mainly basal. Leaf blade 10-150 x 1-2 mm, setaceous; bitter tasting, sometimes aromatic when fresh; green, becoming copper coloured late in the season. Mature inflorescence brown or straw coloured, typically curled like a sickle; rachis internodes densely hairy with spreading hairs. Sessile spikelet 6-14 mm long, 2-flowered, awnless; lower glume with long dense, silky, white hairs, apex bidentate or entire; anther 2.6-3.8 mm long. Pedicellate spikelet 4-7 mm long, lanceolate, pubescent to villous, acuminate or with a short awn-point.
Perennial; up to 1.2 m high; densely tufted. Leaves basal; with blades 10-150 mm long; setaceous or up to 1-2 mm wide. Flowers: inflorescence a single spike; erect to sickle-shaped; especially when dry; sessile spikelets 6-14 mm long; pedicellate spikelets somewhat shorter; lower glume of sessile spikelets with long dense; silky; white hairs; apex bidentate.
Perennial, densely tufted, up to 1.2 m higft. Leaves basal, leaf blades 10-150 mm long, setaceous or up to 1-2 mm wide. Spikelets (sessile) 6-14 mm long (pedicellate somewhat shorter); lower glume of sessile spikelets with long dense, silky, white hairs, tip bidentate.
Sessile spikelet lanceolate; callus 1–1.5 mm long, broadly cuneate; inferior glume 4–8 mm long, villous on the back, rarely thinly pilose or very rarely quite glabrous, entire or divided at the apex into 2 teeth up to 7 mm long.
Leaves mostly confined to the base and compacted into a dense tussock, ± aromatic; leaf sheaths papery, sometimes becoming fibrous or horny, occasionally tomentose; leaf laminas 5–30 cm × 1–2 mm, involute and filiform.
Racemes 4–14 cm long, terminal on the culm or sometimes with 1–2 axillary racemes, silvery to grey or purple; rhachis internodes densely villous, the hairs conspicuously spreading.
Perennial to 1 m. Leaves aromatic, linear, rolled. Spikelets crowded in a dense, narrow, white-silky spike.
Pedicelled spikelet 4–7 mm long, lanceolate, pubescent to villous, acuminate or with a short awn-point.
Densely caespitose perennial; culms up to 100 cm high, mostly unbranched.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.6 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.4
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Open, deciduous bushland in west tropical Africa. Rocky upland chaparral and savannah at elevations of 820 metres in Venezuela.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food essential oil material medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Elionurus muticus habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Elionurus muticus leaf picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)
Elionurus muticus leaf picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Elionurus muticus world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Botswana, Central African Republic, Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Kenya, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Peru, Paraguay, Rwanda, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Suriname, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Uruguay, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:90411-2
WFO ID wfo-0000865842
COL ID 6F5HB
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 732277
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Anatherum megapotamicum Andropogon candidus Andropogon chlorostachys Andropogon rostratus Elionurus candidus Elionurus glaber Elionurus pretoriensis Elionurus viridulus Andropogon adustus Andropogon dubius Andropogon latiflorus Andropogon thymiodorus Elionurus chevalieri Elionurus ciliaris Elionurus gobariensis Elionurus latiflorus Elionurus marunguensis Elionurus muticus Andropogon caespitosus Andropogon tenuifolius Elionurus megapotamicus Elionurus prostratus Elionurus rostratus Elionurus thymiodorus Andropogon dubius Elionurus adustus var. calvescens Elionurus argenteus var. caespitosus Elionurus argenteus var. thymiodorus Elionurus candidus var. bisetosus Elionurus candidus var. latiflorus Elionurus glaber var. villosus Elionurus latiflorus var. adustus Elionurus latiflorus var. calvescens Elionurus latiflorus var. gracilescens Elionurus latiflorus var. pectinatus Elionurus muticus var. calvescens Elionurus muticus var. gracilescens Elionurus barbiculmis var. barbiculmis Elionurus argenteus var. argenteus Elionurus muticus var. muticus Elionurus glaber var. glaber Elionurus candidus var. candidus Elionurus candidus var. bisetosis Elionurus latiflorus var. latiflorus Elionurus tripsacoides subvar. rostratus Elionurus adustus var. adustus Elionurus adustus Elionurus argenteus Lycurus muticus Elionurus latiflorus var. genuinus