Encephalartos cycadifolius Lehm.

Winterberg cycad (en)

Species

Gymnosperms > Cycadales > Zamiaceae > Encephalartos

Characteristics

Plants branching from the base; stems up to about 60 cm tall, rarely 90 cm and about 25 cm diam.; bracts about 3 cm long and 2.5 cm broad at base, tomentose on outer surface. Leaves about 60-90 cm long including petiole 10-20 cm long, woolly and with some long straight hairs when young, glabrescent except for densely greyish tomentose pulvinus; rhachis fairly stiff, suberect sometimes slightly twisted; leaflets somewhat glaucous when young, pungent-tipped, upper ones spreading from the rhachis horizontally or forming a wide V, not or only slightly overlapping, reduced gradually in size to base and apex of rhachis; median leaflets 9-13 cm long, 4-5 mm broad, entire, with thickened slightly recurved margins and with 5-6 prominent sparsely pilose nerves on under surface. Cones 1 or 2 from a stem on short fairly stout peduncles subtended by narrow dorsally tomentose bracts 2-7 cm long, densely tawny or off-white tomentose. Male cones subcylindric, 13-22 cm long, 4.5-7 cm diam., narrowing slightly to the base and rounded apex; median scales about 2 cm long, 1.8 cm broad, with lateral ridges; bulla face (with tomentum) 1-2 cm broad and 5-8 mm wide vertically, but only about 2 mm thick vertically without tomentum. Female cones more or less oblong in outline with rounded apex, 20-30 cm long and 4 cm broad; bulla about 3-4 cm broad and 1.5-2 cm thick vertically, with incurved lateral lobes up to 1 cm long, yellowish, with acute lateral ridges upper and lower facet more or less rounded; terminal facet about 2 cm broad and 1.25-1.5 cm wide vertically. Seeds pale orange-yellow through salmon-suffused orange to amber-brown, about 3 cm long and 1.75-2 cm broad.
More
Plant dioecious, palm-like. Stem aerial or decumbent, 0.5-1.5 m tall, unbranched or branched from base, covered by alternating series of woody bracts and persistent, swollen, truncated leaf bases. Leaves petiolate, pinnate with rachis incurved; leaflets pungent-pointed, entire, margins not markedly thickened; reduced in size towards base of rachis. Cones Aug.-Mar., 1 or 2, appear sessile, velutinous yellowish white. Male cones oblanceoloid. Female cones cylindric to ovoid, broader than male.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.6 - 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer nostocaceae
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 4-6
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-9

Usage

Uses material medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Encephalartos cycadifolius unspecified picture

Distribution

Encephalartos cycadifolius world distribution map, present in South Africa

Conservation status

Encephalartos cycadifolius threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297076-1
WFO ID wfo-0000667361
COL ID 39NCC
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Zamia cycadifolia Encephalartos acanthus Encephalartos cycadifolius Encephalartos verschaffeltii Encephalartos eximius Encephalartos elongatus Encephalartos cycadifolius var. glaber Zamia elongata