Encephalartos paucidentatus Stapf & Burtt Davy

Barberton cycad (en)

Species

Gymnosperms > Cycadales > Zamiaceae > Encephalartos

Characteristics

Plant unbranched or occasionally branched from base, stems up to about 6 m tall, 40-70 cm diam. with brown wool on crown. Leaves 1-2 m long including petiole 20-40 cm long; rhachis usually fairly straight or slightly recurved, sometimes slightly twisted, pubescent at first, glabrescent with age except woolly pulvinus; leaflets widely spaced towards base, a few becoming smaller, lobate and prickle-like, those towards apex becoming narrower and closer together but only sometimes overlapping; median leaflets narrowly lanceolate, straight or somewhat falcate, 15-25 cm long, 2-3.2 cm broad, rarely more, with up to about 30 conspicuous raised veins on lower surface, shortly pubescent, glabrescent on upper surface and more slowly so on under surface, with or without 1-3 prickles on one or both margins usually towards base. Cones probably 2-3 together on short stout peduncles, golden-yellow. Male cones up to about 60 cm long, 15 cm broad; median scales narrowly oblong-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 4-5 cm long, 2-2.5 cm broad, with sharp lateral ridges; bulla projected into a decurved beak up to about 1.5-2 cm long, upper and lower facets humped towards base, terminal facet slightly more than 1 cm broad and slightly narrower vertically with irregularly toothed or crenate margin. Female cones (complete cone not seen); median scales 5-6 cm broad and about 3-5 cm thick vertically with lateral ridges extending into incurved lateral winged lobes about 2 cm long; bulla face protruding about 3 cm, with upper and lower facets rounded and conspicuously rugose, apical facet pubescent, concave, about 1.5-2 cm broad and about the same width vertically, with crenate margin. Seed red, up to about 4 cm long and 2.5 cm diam., with fleshy beak.
More
Male cones 1-5 together at the apex of stems, subcylindric, slightly narrowed to base and apex, 40-50(60) cm long, 12-15 cm diam., with cylindric peduncle about 10 cm long and subtended by slender acuminate woolly bracts; median scales narrowly oblong, up to 5.5 cm long, 2.5 cm broad, nearly flat on upper surface and with micro-sporangia extending nearly to the lateral margins and base; bulla decurved with sharp lateral angles, 1.5-2 cm long, 1.2-1.5 cm thick vertically; upper facet with median ridge; lower facet more or less continuous with sporangial surface; terminal facet 1-1.2 cm broad and slightly less vertically, with minutely irregular margin; the width of the terminal facets from base to apex of cone fairly constant while the vertical measurement decreases to about half. Female cones 1-3 together at apex of stems, oblong-oval, 35-50 cm long, 20-22 cm in their greatest diam., with short stout obconic peduncle and subtended by slender acuminate woolly bracts; median scales 6.5 cm long; bulla verrucose, about 3 cm long, projecting 1.5-2 cm, 4-4.5 cm broad, 2.7-2.8 cm thick vertically, with lateral ridges extending into incurved lateral lobes about 1 cm long; upper facet rounded, indistinctly ridged; lower facet slightly convex; terminal facet concave, verrucose, 2-3 cm broad, 1-2 cm wide vertically; terminal facets becoming gradually smaller towards the apex of the cone.
Plant usually unbranched. Stems up to 6 m high. Leaves dark green, up to 2 m long. Leaflets with ± 20 regular, conspicuously raised longitudinal veins on lower surface. Median leaflets linear-lanceolate, straight or somewhat falcate, 150-250 x 20-30 mm, with or without 1-3 prickles.
A cycad.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 6.0
Root system -
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Nitrogen fixer nostocaceae
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a subtropical plant.
Light -
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Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

The pith of the stem is edible and contains good quality starch.
Uses medicinal
Edible stems
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
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Images

Encephalartos paucidentatus unspecified picture

Distribution

Encephalartos paucidentatus world distribution map, present in South Africa

Conservation status

Encephalartos paucidentatus threat status: Vulnerable

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297123-1
WFO ID wfo-0000667437
COL ID 6F7SP
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Encephalartos paucidentatus Encephalartos altensteinii var. paucidentatus