Encephalartos senticosus Vorster

Lebombo cycad (en), Cycas de jozini (fr)

Species

Gymnosperms > Cycadales > Zamiaceae > Encephalartos

Characteristics

Plant arborescent, often suckering from base to form clumps. Stem erect but often leaning to some extent, up to 4 m tall and about 300 mm thick, covered by remains of leaf bases; crown somewhat woolly. Leaves 1100-1500(-1800) mm long, rigid and straight to somewhat arched; petioles unarmed, glabrous, 50-200 mm long and and 15-18 mm thick; rachis yellowish; basal leaflets progressively reduced in size towards base of leaf with the lowermost produced as prickles, median leaflets spaced 20-35 mm apart, succubously overlapping or not, directed towards apex of leaf at angle of about 30°, opposing leaflets set at angle of about 135° to each other, glossy dark green, very narrowly ovate with both margins usually dentate (uncommonly entire) and apices acute and pungent, (80-) 120-180 mm long and 14-20(-27) mm wide. Male cones on stalks up to 100 mm long, very narrowly ovoid, 3-4 per stem, covered with sparse and very short tawny felt-like indumentum, orange to orange-yellow, 300-500 mm long and up to 100 mm across; median exposed faces of microsporophylls rhombic, drawn out into prominent drooping beaks towards central facet, only central facet well defined. Female cones ovoid, 2-3 per stem, covered with sparse and very short tawny felt-like indumentum, pale apricot-yellow, about 450 mm long and 220 mm across, exposed faces of megasporophylls smooth and raised pyramidally towards central facet, other facets poorly defined; sarcotesta of seeds bright red. Plant arborescent, often suckering from base to form clumps. Stem erect but often leaning to some extent, up to 4 m tall and about 300 mm thick, covered by remains of leaf bases; crown somewhat woolly. Leaves 1100-1500(-1800) mm long, rigid and straight to somewhat arched; petioles unarmed, glabrous, 50-200 mm long and and 15-18 mm thick; rachis yellowish; basal leaflets progressively reduced in size towards base of leaf with the lowermost produced as prickles, median leaflets spaced 20-35 mm apart, succubously overlapping or not, directed towards apex of leaf at angle of about 30°, opposing leaflets set at angle of about 135° to each other, glossy dark green, very narrowly ovate with both margins usually dentate (uncommonly entire) and apices acute and pungent, (80-)120-180 mm long and 14-20(-27) mm wide. Male cones on stalks up to 100 mm long, very narrowly ovoid, 3-4 per stem, covered with sparse and very short tawny felt-like indumentum, orange to orange-yellow, 300-500 mm long and up to 100 mm across; median exposed faces of microsporophylls rhombic, drawn out into prominent drooping beaks towards central facet, only central facet well defined. Female cones ovoid, 2-3 per stem, covered with sparse and very short tawny felt-like indumentum, pale apricot-yellow, about 450 mm long and 220 mm across, exposed faces of megasporophylls smooth and raised pyramidally towards central facet, other facets poorly defined; sarcotesta of seeds bright red.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 4.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer nostocaceae
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Encephalartos senticosus unspecified picture
Encephalartos senticosus unspecified picture

Distribution

Encephalartos senticosus world distribution map, present in South Africa

Conservation status

Encephalartos senticosus threat status: Vulnerable

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:989160-1
WFO ID wfo-0000667452
COL ID 6F86H
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Encephalartos senticosus