Entada rheedii Spreng.

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Entada

Characteristics

Woody climber, at least 120 m long. Leaves: rachis (4.5-)6-8(-10.5) cm; pinnae 2 pairs, 5-15 cm, as the rachis glabrous to subglabrous; leaflets 3 or 4 (or 5) pairs per pinna, opposite, chartaceous, obovate to elliptic-lanceolate, unequal-sided, (1.4-) 2.3-7 by (1-) 1.3-3.5 cm, base rounded to broadly cuneate, somewhat asymmetrical, apex ± acuminate to obtuse, ± emarginate to nearly bifid, the upper surface usually not drying darker than the lower one, the lower surface sometimes glaucous. Inflorescence: spikes solitary in the leaf axils or sometimes more spikes from a short-shoot, c. 12-25 cm, rachis ± densely puberulous. Flowers sessile or subsessile, pentamerous, male or bisexual. Calyx green, broadly cup-shaped, (0.5-)0.8-l mm, glabrous or with a few scattered hairs; teeth inconspicuous. Petals white, narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, acute, eglandular, 2.8-3 mm. Stamens white turning yellow, 5-6.5 mm. Ovary 1-1.5 mm, glabrous, stipe 0.5 mm. Pod straight to slightly curved, up to 2 by 0.07-0.15 m; segments 6.5-7.5 cm; epicarp and endocarp woody. Seeds brown, subcircular, flat, 3.5-4 by 1 cm.
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A creeping shrub. It has a long stem that is climbing. It can be 50 m long. The stems can be large and can be 30 cm across. The stems are angled and twisted. The leaves have 1 or 2 pairs of leaflets stalks. There are 3-5 pairs of leaflets on each stalk. These are oblong and 9 cm long by 4 cm wide. There is a forked tendril at the end. The flowers are in long spikes in the axils of leaves. These are up to 23 cm long. These hang in the axils of side branches. The flowers are pale yellow. The fruit are large woody pods 2 m long by 15 cm wide. It is jointed. There are 10 seeds. They are oval and flattened. They are flat and woody but break into single seeded pieces. The seeds are 4.5 cm long by 5 cm wide and very hard.
Climbers, woody. Pinnae 2 pairs, 5-15 cm; leaflets 3 or 4(or 5) pairs per pinna, opposite, obovate to elliptic-lanceolate, unequally sided, 2.3-7 × 1.3-3.5 cm, papery, abaxially glau­cous, base rounded to broadly cuneate, apex acuminate to ob­tuse, or emarginate. Spikes solitary or fasciculate, axillary, 12-25 cm. Flowers male or bisexual. Calyx green, cup-shaped, 0.8-1 mm. Petals white, narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 2.8-3 mm. Stamens white, turning yellow, 5-6.5 mm. Ovary gla­brous. Legume straight to slightly curved, to 2 m × 7-15 cm; segments 6.5-7.5 cm, epicarp and endocarp woody. Seeds brown, brilliant, suborbicular, flat, 3.5-4 × ca. 1 cm. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Aug-Oct.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 75.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in the canopy of the evergreen and deciduous forest. It grows in coastal and lowland regions. It grows below 600 m above sea level. It grows in areas with a rainfall below 5,000 mm. It can grow in arid places. It grows from 200-400 m altitude in Papua New Guinea. It can grow up to 1,400 m above sea level. In Yunnan. It occurs in the Western Ghats in India.
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Primary and secondary forest, especially along rivers, inland from the mangrove and in beach forest, usually at elevations up to 400 metres, occasionally to 900 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses Cultivated in the Malay Peninsula [cf. Burkill, Diet. (1935) 940 sub Entada phaseoloides]. The saponin content is considerable in bark and seeds [ Boorsma Bull. Inst. Bot. Buitenzorg 14 1902 20 ]. Used as a substitute for soap [ Bisschop Grevelink Pl. Ned. Indie 1883 25 ; see also Heyne Nutt. Pl. Ned. Ind. 2 1916 2 sub E. scandens ] Readily grown from cuttings.
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The seeds are used in porridge as a famine food. They are baked, pounded and soaked in water for an extended period then re-cooked. The seeds are made into a paste with water and cumin. Caution: The seeds are poisonous when raw. The young leaves are eaten as a vegetable. The young tender leaves are boiled and eaten.
Uses fiber food medicinal oil poison vertebrate poison
Edible leaves saps seeds
Therapeutic use Fever (bark), Headache (bark), Stomach ulcer (bark), Ulcer (bark), Dandruff (fruit), Abdominal pain (seed), Hair loss (seed), Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (seed), Anthelmintics (seed), Antifungal agents (seed), Anti-inflammatory agents (seed), Antipyretics (seed), Aphrodisiacs (seed), Dandruff (seed), Edema (seed), Emetics (seed), Eye diseases (seed), Fever (seed), Headache (seed), Hemorrhoids (seed), Hepatomegaly (seed), Laxatives (seed), Leech infestation (seed), Liver diseases (seed), Pain (seed), Paralysis (seed), Pruritus (seed), General tonic for rejuvenation (seed), Respiratory tract diseases (seed), Snake bites (seed), Spasm (seed), Sterilization, reproductive (seed), Stomach ulcer (seed), Tooth diseases (seed), Emetics (stem), Arthralgia (unspecified), Constipation (unspecified), Contraceptives, oral (unspecified), Edema (unspecified), Epilepsy (unspecified), Eye diseases (unspecified), Hepatomegaly (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Lymphadenitis (unspecified), Neoplasms (unspecified), Pain (unspecified), Rinderpest (unspecified), Ulcer (wood)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Entada rheedii unspecified picture

Distribution

Entada rheedii world distribution map, present in Australia, Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, Bhutan, China, Algeria, Guam, Indonesia, India, Iceland, Kenya, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Maldives, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Mauritius, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Taiwan, Province of China, Uruguay, Viet Nam, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472157-1
WFO ID wfo-0000186181
COL ID 39X5Y
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Entada scheffleri Adenanthera gogo Entada rheedii subsp. rheedii Entada rheedii

Lower taxons

Entada rheedii subsp. sinohimalensis