Epidendrum nocturnum Jacq.

Night scented orchid (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Epidendrum

Characteristics

Plant cespitose, to 100 cm. Roots basal, 1–2.5 mm diam. Stems unbranched, straight, terete proximally, compressed distally, to 90 cm. Leaves 4–10, evenly distributed on distal 1/2 of stem; petiole to 46 mm; blade elliptic, 2-lobed, 6–15 × 0.5–3 cm, leathery. Inflorescences nearly corymbose; peduncle zigzag, branching with time, greater than 5 mm, producing flowers over several years. Flowers resupinate, produced in succession, 1–2 at a time; sepals yellowish, narrowly linear-lanceolate, to 60 × 6 mm, apex acute; petals yellowish, narrowly linear-lanceolate, to 58 × 2 mm; lip white, deeply 3-lobed, middle lobe narrowly linear-acuminate, overall to 24 × 40 mm, lateral lobes obliquely semiovate; callus yellow; column 18 mm; clinandrium hood surpassing anther, erose; anther ovoid; ovary 45–50 mm. Capsules ellipsoid; pedicel 7–14 mm; body 25–32 × 10–15 mm; beak 16 mm.
More
Variable, caespitose or subrepent, epiphytic plants up to 1 m. tall. Stems slender, simple, covered with the scarious leaf-sheaths or becoming naked. Leaves 5-15 cm. long and 0.8-6.5 cm. broad, elliptic, elliptic-oblong, ligulate or oval, acute or obtuse, coriaceous to fleshy. Inflorescence a 1-to few-flowered terminal raceme (1 flower open at a time); rachis when present fractiflex; flowers large, usually white. Sepals similar, 35-90 mm. long and 2-5 mm. broad, from filiform to linear, acute or acuminate. Petals similar to the sepals but smaller, 35-80 mm. long and 1-3 mm. broad. Lip unguiculate, claw adnate to the column; lamina up to 65 mm. long, prominently 3-lobed; lateral lobes subparallel, acute, oblique, lanciform, 10-40 mm. long; mid-lobe subfiliform, 20-40 mm. long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support epiphyte
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Epidendrum nocturnum habit picture by Gabriel Ollivier (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Epidendrum nocturnum leaf picture by Steven Matute Obando (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Epidendrum nocturnum flower picture by Benítez Juan (cc-by-sa)
Epidendrum nocturnum flower picture by Carneiro Tiago (cc-by-sa)
Epidendrum nocturnum flower picture by Luz Rodríguez De Rovira (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Epidendrum nocturnum world distribution map, present in Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, United States of America, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30010607-2
WFO ID wfo-0000950829
COL ID 6FRS8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629638
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Nyctosma nocturna Auliza nocturna Epidendrum carolinianum Epidendrum leucarachne Amphiglottis nocturna Epidendrum nocturnum Epidendrum bahiense Phaedrosanthus nocturnus Epidendrum nocturnum var. minor Epidendrum nocturnum var. angustifolium Epidendrum discolor